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Related Concept Videos

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder01:28

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

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Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a mental health condition characterized by recurrent obsessions, compulsions, or both, which consume significant time and interfere with daily functioning. Obsessions involve persistent, intrusive, and unwanted thoughts, images, or urges that evoke anxiety. Common examples include irrational fears of contamination or harm. Compulsions are repetitive behaviors or mental acts performed to reduce the anxiety caused by obsessions. For instance, individuals...
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Depressive disorders result from a complex interplay of biological, psychological, and sociocultural factors, each contributing uniquely to the development and persistence of the condition. Understanding these factors provides critical insight into the multifaceted nature of depression.
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Personality Disorders: Dependent and Obsessive-Compulsive01:24

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Dependent personality disorder and obsessive-compulsive personality disorder are two separate psychological conditions that influence behavior, relationships, and overall life functioning. Though both involve maladaptive behaviors, their core characteristics and motivations differ significantly.
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Schizophrenia, a severe psychiatric disorder, arises from a complex interplay of biological factors, including genetic predisposition, structural brain abnormalities, neurotransmitter dysregulation, and developmental irregularities. These factors collectively contribute to the onset and progression of the disorder, which typically manifests in late adolescence or early adulthood.
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Schizophrenia is a neurodevelopmental disorder whose origins are rooted in complex genetic components. Despite our burgeoning understanding, the pathophysiology of this disorder remains incompletely deciphered.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 15, 2026

Exploring the Neural Correlates of Cognitive Reappraisal in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Using Task-based Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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Connectomics-based structural network alterations in obsessive-compulsive disorder.

T J Reess1,2, O G Rus1,2, R Schmidt3

  • 1Department of Neuroradiology & TUM-Neuroimaging Center (TUM-NIC), Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany.

Translational Psychiatry
|September 7, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) shows altered brain connectivity, particularly in emotion-processing regions. This study used connectomics to reveal widespread structural network differences in patients, highlighting the role of temporo-limbic areas in OCD pathophysiology.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry
  • Connectomics

Background:

  • Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) pathophysiology involves affect, but the cortico-striato-thalamo-cortical (CSTC) model's role of emotion processing regions is debated.
  • Connectomics offers a whole-brain approach to analyze structural connectivity beyond the traditional CSTC circuitry.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whole-brain structural connectivity differences in OCD patients compared to healthy controls.
  • To explore the involvement of emotion-processing regions in OCD pathophysiology using a connectomics approach.

Main Methods:

  • Structural T1-weighted MRI and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) were used to create 83x83 whole-brain structural networks for 41 OCD patients and 42 controls.
  • Network-based statistic (NBS) was applied to assess group differences in structural connectivity.
  • Graph theoretical measures were calculated to analyze local and global network characteristics.

Main Results:

  • NBS analysis identified a distinct network with decreased structural connectivity in OCD patients, including orbitofrontal, striatal, insula, and temporo-limbic areas.
  • Graph theory revealed local alterations in the amygdala and temporal pole, while overall network topology remained preserved.
  • This is the first study to combine NBS and graph theory in OCD research.

Conclusions:

  • The findings support the involvement of temporo-limbic regions, crucial for emotion processing, in the neurobiological alterations observed in OCD.
  • Structural connectivity deficits extend beyond the CSTC model, emphasizing the importance of emotion-related brain networks in OCD.