Metabolic syndrome and its individual components with mortality among patients with coronary heart disease
Qian Chen1, Yuan Zhang2, Ding Ding3
1Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 74 Zhongshan Road 2, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China; Chronic Disease Epidemiology Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, 6400 Perkins Road, Baton Rouge, LA 70808, USA.
Insights
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) increases mortality risk in coronary heart disease (CHD) patients. Managing MetS components like blood glucose and HDL cholesterol is crucial for reducing deaths.
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular Medicine
- Metabolic Disorders
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its risk factors are linked to atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease.
- Understanding the impact of MetS on mortality in patients with existing coronary heart disease (CHD) is critical.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the association between MetS and its individual components with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality.
- To analyze mortality risks in Chinese patients diagnosed with CHD.
Main Methods:
- A prospective hospital-based cohort study involving 3599 CHD patients in China.
- Cox proportional hazards regression models were employed to assess mortality risks associated with MetS and its components.
Main Results:
- MetS patients had a 1.26-fold higher risk of all-cause mortality and 1.41-fold higher risk of cardiovascular mortality.
- Increasing numbers of MetS components correlated with higher mortality risks.
- Low HDL-C and elevated FBG were significantly associated with increased mortality; FBG showed a positive association, while HDL-C had a U-shaped association.
Conclusions:
- Metabolic syndrome is a significant risk factor for mortality in patients with coronary heart disease.
- Maintaining metabolic components within optimal ranges is essential for improving outcomes in CHD patients.
Background:
The metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its metabolic risk factors appear to promote the development of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. The aim of this study was to examine the association of MetS and its individual components with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality among patients with coronary heart disease (CHD).
Methods:
We performed a prospective, hospital-based cohort among 3599 CHD patients in China. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to estimate the association of MetS and its components at baseline with risk of mortality.
Results:
During a mean follow-up period of 4.9years, 308 deaths were identified, 200 of which were due to cardiovascular disease. Compared with patients without MetS, patients with MetS according to the AHA/NHLBI statement had a 1.26-fold higher risk (95% CI, 1.01-1.59) of all-cause mortality and a 1.41-fold higher risk (1.06-1.87) of cardiovascular mortality. Patients with increasing numbers of components of MetS had a gradually increased risk for all-cause and cardiovascular mortality (P<0.05). When each component of MetS was considered as a dichotomized variable separately, only low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and elevated fasting blood glucose (FBG) were associated with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality. After using restricted cubic splines, we found a U-shaped association of HDL-C, body mass index and blood pressure, a positive association of FBG, and no association of triglycerides with the risks of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality.
Conclusions:
MetS is a risk factor for all-cause and cardiovascular mortality among CHD patients. It is very important to control metabolic components in a reasonable control range.
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