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Related Concept Videos

Regulation of Hematopoietic Stem Cells01:01

Regulation of Hematopoietic Stem Cells

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All blood and immune cells are produced from the multipotent hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) by the process of hematopoiesis. However, they all have a limited life span. In addition, many are depleted in immune surveillance or combatting an injury or infection. This makes blood one of the most regenerative tissues. Hematopoiesis helps replenish these blood and immune cells, restoring the body's normal functioning. However, overproduction of blood and immune cells can make them cancerous or...
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Multipotency of Hematopoietic Stem Cells01:19

Multipotency of Hematopoietic Stem Cells

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The hematopoietic stem cells or HSCs are multipotent, meaning they can differentiate and give rise to all blood and immune cells. HSCs are maintained in the quiescent stage until an external stimulus initiates their differentiation. The multipotent HSCs exist as two heterogeneous populations, long-term repopulating cells (LTRC) and short-term repopulating cells (STRC). The two HSC populations have different surface markers or receptors and are classified based on quiescence and long-term...
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Hematopoiesis01:21

Hematopoiesis

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The process of blood cell formation is called hematopoiesis. Hematopoiesis starts early during development, on the seventh day of embryogenesis. This phase of hematopoiesis is called the primitive wave, wherein the extraembryonic yolk sac allows the production of erythroid cells and endothelial cells from a common precursor called hemangioblast. The erythroid cells provide oxygen to support the growth of the rapidly dividing embryo. Hemangioblasts later develop into hematopoietic stem cells or...
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Inflammatory Response I: Vascular and Cellular01:30

Inflammatory Response I: Vascular and Cellular

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The inflammatory response is the body's defense against infection, injury, or irritation from bacteria, trauma, toxins, or heat. Inflammation helps locate and destroy pathogens and remove damaged tissue elements to heal the body. During this initial phase, fluid, blood products, and nutrients migrate to the injured area, resulting in redness, heat, swelling, ache, and loss of function. Moreover, signs of systemic inflammation include fever, increased WBC count, malaise, anorexia, nausea,...
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Inflammatory Response01:28

Inflammatory Response

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An inflammatory response is a localized, nonspecific immune reaction that occurs when a tissue is injured. It is characterized by redness, swelling, heat, and pain, which are commonly called the cardinal signs and symptoms of inflammation. Inflammation can sometimes result in a loss of function.
Inflammation can be triggered by various stimuli, such as impact, abrasion, chemical irritation, infections, and extreme hot or cold temperatures. These can damage cells and connective tissue fibers,...
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Differentiation of Common Myeloid Progenitor Cells01:15

Differentiation of Common Myeloid Progenitor Cells

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Common myeloid progenitors (CMPs) are oligopotent cells that can differentiate into granulocytes and macrophages. Granulocytes and macrophages are essential for protecting the body against bacterial, viral, or fungal infections. They migrate from the bone marrow into the circulating blood to reach specific tissue sites where they differentiate and help in immune surveillance. However, they survive only for a few days and must be continuously made available to the organism to maintain a robust...
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Phenotypic Analysis and Isolation of Murine Hematopoietic Stem Cells and Lineage-committed Progenitors
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Hematopoietic stem cell response to inflammation.

Hitoshi Takizawa1

  • 1International Research Center for Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University.

[Rinsho Ketsueki] the Japanese Journal of Clinical Hematology
|September 8, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) divide slowly; daily blood production relies on progenitors. Inflammation impacts HSC function during stress, influencing blood cell regulation.

Area of Science:

  • Hematology
  • Immunology
  • Stem Cell Biology

Background:

  • Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) possess self-renewal and multi-lineage differentiation capabilities, traditionally considered the sole drivers of lifelong hematopoiesis.
  • Recent research indicates HSCs divide slower than previously assumed, suggesting hematopoietic progenitors with limited self-renewal maintain daily blood production.
  • Increased hematopoietic demand during stress, like infection, necessitates HSC involvement.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the dual role of inflammation in HSC function.
  • To summarize recent findings on how inflammation affects HSCs and hematopoiesis.
  • To discuss the regulation of hematopoiesis under inflammatory conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent studies on HSC function, hematopoiesis, and inflammation.

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  • Synthesis of findings regarding the impact of inflammatory signals on HSC behavior.
  • Analysis of regulatory mechanisms governing hematopoiesis during stress.

    • Main Results:

    • Daily hematopoiesis is primarily supported by rapidly dividing hematopoietic progenitors, not slow-dividing HSCs.
    • HSCs are recruited during hematopoietic stress to meet increased demand.
    • Inflammation exerts both beneficial and detrimental effects on HSC function and hematopoietic regulation.

    Conclusions:

    • Hematopoietic progenitors, not HSCs, are the main source of daily blood cell production.
    • HSCs play a crucial role in responding to hematopoietic stress, with their function modulated by inflammation.
    • Understanding inflammation's impact on HSCs is key to comprehending hematopoietic regulation.