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Related Concept Videos

Fibril-associated Collagen01:11

Fibril-associated Collagen

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Fibril-associated collagens are a type of collagens present in the extracellular matrix with interrupted triple helices or FACIT (Fibril-associated collagens interrupted triple-helices). FACIT help connect and attach the collagen fibrils with each other as well as with other proteins of the extracellular matrix.
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Three main types of fibers are secreted by fibroblasts: collagen fibers, elastic fibers, and reticular fibers. Collagen fiber is made from fibrous protein subunits linked together to form a long, straight fiber. Collagen fibers, while flexible, have great tensile strength, resist stretching, and give ligaments and tendons their characteristic resilience and strength. These fibers hold connective tissues together, even during the body's movement.
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Type IV collagen is a 400 nm long, network-forming collagen that acts as a barrier between the epithelial and endothelial cells. Type IV collagen  forms the backbone of the basement membrane by scaffolding with laminin, entactin, proteoglycans, and fibronectin. Apart from rendering structural support to the basement membrane, it also helps entail signaling potentials necessary for both pathological and physiological functions.
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Structural Protein Function01:56

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Structural proteins are a category of proteins responsible for functions ranging from cell shape and movement to providing support to major structures such as bones, cartilage, hair, and muscles. This group includes proteins such as collagen, actin, myosin, and keratin.
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Introduction to Connective Tissues01:11

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Connective tissues are one of the four main tissue types in humans that are extensively present in the body. They are characterized by cells embedded in an extracellular matrix (ECM) composed of a ground substance and three main types of protein fibers— collagen, elastic, and reticular fibers. The ground substance of connective tissues can range from a watery and jelly-like consistency to mineralized and hard. The wide variety of cells in the connective tissues include fibroblasts,...
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Connective Tissue Cell Types01:22

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Connective tissue develops from the mesoderm of a developing embryo and consists of cells, fibers, and ground substance: a gel-like material containing large complexes of carbohydrates and proteins. Connective tissue was first identified as a separate tissue family in the 18th century, and Johannes Peter Muller coined the term connective tissue.
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Imaging Denatured Collagen Strands In vivo and Ex vivo via Photo-triggered Hybridization of Caged Collagen Mimetic Peptides
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Enigmatic insight into collagen.

Shrutal Narendra Deshmukh1, Alka M Dive2, Rohit Moharil2

  • 1Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Dr. RRK Dental College and Research Centre, Akola, Maharashtra, India.

Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology : JOMFP
|September 8, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Collagen, the most abundant human protein, provides structural integrity to connective tissues. Defects in collagen structure and function lead to various genetic and autoimmune disorders.

Keywords:
Autoimmune diseasescollagentriple helical structure

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Molecular Biology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Collagen is a vital triple helical protein, forming the primary component of the extracellular matrix.
  • It constitutes 30% of the human body's dry weight and is crucial for mechanical resistance and cellular signaling.
  • There are at least 16 types of collagen, with types I, II, and III being the most prevalent.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the fundamental role of collagen in maintaining normal health.
  • To highlight the genetic disorders and autoimmune conditions associated with collagen defects.
  • To elucidate the structural and functional aspects of collagen.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of existing studies on collagen.
  • Analysis of collagen's molecular composition, structure, and function.
  • Examination of the pathogenesis of collagen-related diseases.

Main Results:

  • Collagen's triple helical structure is essential for tissue integrity.
  • Mutations affecting collagen folding result in distinct genetic disorders.
  • Collagen diseases exhibit similarities to autoimmune diseases due to autoantibody production.

Conclusions:

  • Collagen is indispensable for structural integrity and cellular behavior.
  • Structural and functional collagen defects underlie numerous diseases.
  • Understanding collagen is key to addressing related genetic and autoimmune conditions.