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Profile of Mental and Behavioral Disorders Among Preschoolers in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Oman: A Retrospective

Marwan M Al-Sharbati1, Yahya M Al-Farsi2, Zena M Al-Sharbati1

  • 1Department of Behavioral Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Oman.

Oman Medical Journal
|September 8, 2016
PubMed

Insights

Early diagnosis of mental and behavioral disorders in preschoolers is crucial. This study in Oman found increased service use, with ADHD, language, and autism spectrum disorders being most common among boys.

Area of Science:

  • Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Early identification and intervention for mental and behavioral disorders in preschoolers are vital for improved long-term outcomes.
  • Preschool-age mental health services are essential for child and family well-being.
  • Understanding the clinical profile of these disorders aids in targeted support.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the clinical profile of mental and behavioral disorders in Omani preschoolers.
  • To explore demographic variables, intervention types, and annual trends in service utilization.
  • To establish baseline data for future mental health initiatives.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective descriptive study of 466 preschoolers consulting at Sultan Qaboos University Hospital (2006-2010).
  • Data extracted from electronic records in the Department of Behavioral Medicine.
  • Diagnoses based on Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) criteria.

Main Results:

  • Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (70.8%), developmental language disorder (23.6%), and autism spectrum disorders (20.2%) were the most prevalent conditions.
  • Boys constituted the majority (77.9%) of cases.
  • Increased service utilization was observed, with risperidone and atomoxetine being common pharmacotherapies.

Conclusions:

  • Omani preschoolers are increasingly seeking consultations for mental and behavioral disorders.
  • Pharmacotherapy is common, but a multidisciplinary approach incorporating other interventions is needed.
  • Addressing unmet needs is crucial for comprehensive management of these disorders.
Abstract

Keywords:
Attention Deficit Disorder with HyperactivityAutism Spectrum DisorderChild Development DisordersChild, PreschoolOman.

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