Lipid profile in pre-dialysis chronic kidney disease patients in southern Nigeria

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Oluseyi A Adejumo1, Enajite I Okaka2, Louis I Ojogwu2

  • 1Kidney Care Centre, University of Medical Sciences, Ondo, Ondo State, Nigeria.

Ghana Medical Journal
|September 9, 2016
PubMed

Insights

Dyslipidaemia is prevalent in pre-dialysis chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients, particularly in females and older individuals. Early detection and management of these lipid abnormalities are crucial for reducing cardiovascular risk and slowing CKD progression.

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Cardiology
  • Clinical Biochemistry

Background:

  • Dyslipidaemia is a significant cardiovascular risk factor and accelerates chronic kidney disease (CKD) progression.
  • Early identification and management of dyslipidaemia can mitigate cardiovascular complications and slow CKD advancement.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the prevalence and characteristics of dyslipidaemia in patients with pre-dialysis CKD.
  • To compare lipid profiles between pre-dialysis CKD patients and healthy controls in a Nigerian tertiary hospital.

Main Methods:

  • A case-control study involving 105 pre-dialysis CKD patients and 105 matched controls.
  • Data collected included demographics, BMI, CKD aetiology, creatinine, and fasting serum lipids.
  • Statistical analysis used p < 0.05 as the significance threshold.

Main Results:

  • Pre-dialysis CKD patients exhibited significantly higher atherogenic index of plasma (AIP), low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), and triglycerides (TG), with lower high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) compared to controls (p<0.001).
  • The overall prevalence of dyslipidaemia was 60% in CKD patients versus 39% in controls (p=0.002).
  • Dyslipidaemia, high AIP, elevated TG, and reduced HDL-C were more common in females and patients aged 45 years and above, and these abnormalities worsened with declining renal function.

Conclusions:

  • Dyslipidaemia is highly prevalent in pre-dialysis CKD patients, especially in females and older individuals.
  • Specific lipid abnormalities, including high AIP, elevated TG, and low HDL-C, are associated with worsening kidney function.
  • These findings underscore the importance of screening for and managing dyslipidaemia in pre-dialysis CKD patients to improve cardiovascular outcomes.
Abstract

Keywords:
Nigeriachronic kidney diseasedyslipidaemiapre-dialysis

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