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Perinatal neuroprotection update.

Angie C Jelin1, Kirsten Salmeen2, Dawn Gano3

  • 1Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD, USA.

F1000Research
|September 9, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Periviable infants face neurological deficits. This review updates strategies like magnesium sulfate and hypothermia, and discusses avoiding toxins and infections, including Zika virus, to improve infant neurological outcomes.

Keywords:
Delayed umbilical cord clampingPerinatalZika virusneurological deficitsneuroprotectionpreterm delivery

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Area of Science:

  • Neonatal neurology
  • Perinatal medicine
  • Neurodevelopmental disorders

Background:

  • Perinatal events can cause long-term neurological issues like cerebral palsy and autism spectrum disorders.
  • Advances in neonatal care increase survival of periviable infants, who are at high risk for neurological deficits.
  • Preventing preterm birth and improving neurological outcomes in preterm infants are critical goals.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide updates on interventions for neurological risk in periviable infants.
  • To expand on the avoidance of toxins and infections, including the Zika virus, to prevent neurological sequelae.
  • To review strategies that modify neurological risk in infants born prematurely.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent advancements in perinatal care.
  • Analysis of interventions including magnesium sulfate, therapeutic hypothermia, and delayed cord clamping.
  • Examination of the role of infections and toxins, such as the Zika virus, in neurological outcomes.

Main Results:

  • Updates on the efficacy of magnesium sulfate and therapeutic hypothermia in reducing neurological deficits.
  • Discussion on the impact of delayed cord clamping and infection prevention on infant brain health.
  • Emphasis on the importance of avoiding environmental toxins and specific infections like Zika virus.

Conclusions:

  • Continued research and implementation of preventative strategies are essential for improving neurological outcomes in periviable infants.
  • Multifaceted approaches, including medical interventions and toxin/infection avoidance, are necessary to mitigate neurological risks.
  • Protecting the developing brain from insults during the antepartum, intrapartum, and neonatal periods remains a key challenge in obstetrics and neonatology.