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Related Concept Videos

Modeling in Therapy01:26

Modeling in Therapy

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Modeling, a key technique in therapy, uses observational learning to help clients acquire and practice new skills by watching therapists demonstrate desired behaviors. This approach, rooted in Albert Bandura's concept of vicarious learning, plays a significant role in therapeutic interventions for various psychological conditions, including social anxiety, ADHD, and depression.
Participant Modeling
Participant modeling involves therapists demonstrating calm and effective behaviors in...
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Steps in the Modeling Process01:14

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Albert Bandura's theory of observational learning identifies four critical processes: attention, retention, motor reproduction, and reinforcement or motivation.
Attention is the first necessary component for observational learning. It involves focusing on what the model is doing and saying. For example, if you decide to take a drawing class to enhance your skills, you need to pay close attention to the instructor's words and hand movements. The characteristics of the model significantly...
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Nursing Process for Patient and Caregiver Teaching III: Evaluation and Documentation01:20

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Evaluation of the teaching process enables the nurse to determine if the patient's learning needs were met and if training was effective. If the expected outcomes are not met, the care plan is revised, and additional education or reinforcement is provided. Nurses can ask questions after the session or obtain feedback to assess the patient's understanding of the topic.
Nurses can use several methods to evaluate patient outcomes. For example, oral questions can assess cognitive learning,...
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Techniques of Therapeutic Communication II: Focusing, Paraphrasing, and Summarizing01:23

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Focusing involves centering a conversation on a message's critical elements or concepts. Focusing is valuable if the talk is vague or patients begin to repeat themselves. Sometimes, when patients are asked about their symptoms, they may go off-topic and try to tell their entire life story. Respectfully, the nurse should bring the conversation back into focus.
This therapeutic technique can also be used when a patient brings up pertinent information during a health-related conversation. The...
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Observational Learning01:12

Observational Learning

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Albert Bandura's observational learning, also known as imitation or modeling, occurs when a person observes and imitates another's behavior. It is a quicker process than operant conditioning. A well-known example is the Bobo doll study, where children who saw an adult acting aggressively towards the doll were more likely to act aggressively when left alone, compared to those who observed a nonaggressive adult. Many psychologists view observational learning as a form of latent learning...
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Operant Conditioning Intervention01:24

Operant Conditioning Intervention

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Operant conditioning serves as a foundational principle in therapeutic interventions aimed at modifying maladaptive behaviors. Central to this approach is the notion that behaviors, both adaptive and maladaptive, are learned through reinforcement. By analyzing the environmental factors that reinforce problematic behaviors, clinicians can design interventions to weaken these reinforcements and replace maladaptive behaviors with healthier alternatives.
In operant conditioning, behaviors that are...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 15, 2026

Author Spotlight: Investigating the Impact of Emotional Prosodies on Voice Recognition and Perception
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Using Video Modeling with Voiceover Instruction Plus Feedback to Train Staff to Implement Direct Teaching Procedures.

Antonia R Giannakakos1, Jason C Vladescu1, April N Kisamore1

  • 1Department of Applied Behavior Analysis, Caldwell University, 120 Bloomfield Avenue, Caldwell, NJ 07006 USA.

Behavior Analysis in Practice
|September 9, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Video model with voiceover and feedback effectively trained staff in direct teaching procedures for autism spectrum disorder. Generalization to untrained methods and consumers showed moderate to high levels, requiring additional feedback for mastery.

Keywords:
Direct teaching proceduresFeedbackStaff trainingVideo modeling

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Area of Science:

  • Behavioral intervention
  • Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) treatment
  • Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA)

Background:

  • Direct teaching is crucial for early intensive behavioral intervention in autism spectrum disorder.
  • Staff training in specific teaching procedures is essential for effective intervention delivery.
  • Evaluating novel training methods can improve intervention fidelity.

Observation:

  • Three staff trainees were instructed using a video model with voiceover (VMVO) and feedback.
  • The training focused on implementing a most-to-least (MTL) direct teaching procedure.
  • Generalization probes assessed performance on untrained procedures (least-to-most, prompt delay) and with an actual consumer.

Findings:

  • VMVO plus feedback effectively trained staff trainees in the MTL procedure.
  • Staff trainees required additional feedback to master untrained direct teaching procedures.
  • Moderate to high levels of generalization were observed for untrained procedures and with consumers.

Implications:

  • VMVO with feedback is a viable training tool for direct teaching procedures in autism intervention.
  • Targeted feedback may be necessary to ensure mastery of diverse teaching strategies.
  • The findings support the generalization of trained skills in applied settings.