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How to make striatal projection neurons.

Marija Fjodorova1, Zoe Noakes1, Meng Li1

  • 1Stem Cell Neurogenesis Group; Neuroscience and Mental Health Research Institute; School of Medicine and School of Bioscience; Cardiff University ; Cardiff, UK.

Neurogenesis (Austin, Tex.)
|September 9, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Medium spiny neurons (MSNs) are lost in Huntington's disease (HD). This review explores generating these crucial striatal cells from human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) for potential cell therapies.

Keywords:
ActivinDARPP32Huntington's diseasedevelopmental biologylateral ganglionic eminencemedium spiny neuronneural differentiationpluripotent stem cellstriatumtransplantation

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Stem Cell Biology
  • Developmental Biology

Background:

  • Medium spiny neurons (MSNs) are the primary projection neurons in the striatum.
  • MSNs are selectively vulnerable and lost in Huntington's disease (HD), a currently incurable neurodegenerative disorder.
  • Cell transplantation offers a promising therapeutic strategy for HD, necessitating a reliable source of human MSN progenitors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review striatal development and understand the mechanisms of MSN differentiation.
  • To explore current methodologies for generating authentic MSNs from human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs).
  • To facilitate the development of effective cell-based therapies for Huntington's disease.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on striatal development and MSN differentiation.
  • Analysis of protocols for directing hPSC differentiation towards striatal neuronal lineages.
  • Examination of strategies to generate both MSN progenitors and mature MSN derivatives in vitro.

Main Results:

  • Human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) hold potential as an unlimited source for MSN generation.
  • Understanding MSN differentiation pathways is critical for developing accurate in vitro generation protocols.
  • Current methods aim to produce authentic striatal cells for therapeutic applications.

Conclusions:

  • Generating MSNs from hPSCs is a key step towards developing cell transplantation therapies for HD.
  • Further research into striatal development is essential for optimizing MSN differentiation protocols.
  • This work highlights the importance of in vitro generated MSNs for understanding HD pathogenesis and treatment.