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Cognitive functions in children and adolescents with early-onset diabetes mellitus in Egypt

Mohamed Abo-El-Asrar1, Nevine G Andrawes1, Menan A Rabie2

  • 1a Pediatrics Department, Faculty of Medicine , Ain Shams University , Cairo , Egypt.

Applied Neuropsychology. Child
|September 9, 2016
PubMed

Insights

Children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) show deficits in memory, intelligence, and executive functions. Good glycemic control significantly improves cognitive performance in T1DM patients.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Pediatrics
  • Endocrinology

Background:

  • Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is a chronic condition affecting children and adolescents.
  • Cognitive function may be impacted by T1DM and its management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate cognitive performance (memory, intelligence, executive functions) in pediatric T1DM.
  • To examine the influence of glycemic control, hypoglycemia, and ketoacidosis on cognition in T1DM.

Main Methods:

  • Compared 50 T1DM subjects (7-16 years) with 30 healthy controls.
  • Utilized Benton Visual Retention Test (BVRT), Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC), and Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST).
  • Assessed cognitive differences between good and poor glycemic control groups within T1DM.

Main Results:

  • T1DM subjects exhibited significantly poorer performance on BVRT, WISC, and WCST compared to controls.
  • Good glycemic control in T1DM was associated with better performance on BVRT and WISC, but not WCST.
  • Cognitive deficits were observed in T1DM, influenced by glycemic control levels.

Conclusions:

  • Children and adolescents with T1DM experience impairments in memory, intelligence, and executive functions.
  • Glycemic control is a critical factor influencing cognitive outcomes in pediatric T1DM.
  • Further research is needed to understand the nuances of cognitive function in T1DM.

Keywords:
ChildHbA1cexecutive functioningintelligencememorytype 1 diabetes mellitus

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