Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Gastric Phase of Digestion01:26

Gastric Phase of Digestion

4.1K
The gastric phase of digestion begins as soon as food enters the stomach. The incoming food bolus triggers neural and hormonal mechanisms, which last approximately 3 to 4 hours. During this phase, the stomach undergoes significant changes to prepare the food for further digestion and absorption.
When food enters the stomach, it stretches the stomach walls and activates stretch receptors. This triggers local reflexes of the enteric nervous system, mediated through the myenteric plexus. These...
4.1K
Stomach pH Regulation01:21

Stomach pH Regulation

7.6K
The human body carefully regulates the internal pH of different organs to maintain homeostasis. For example, while the blood plasma maintains a neutral pH of 7, the stomach lumen has an acidic pH of 1.5 - 3.5. The low pH of stomach lumen helps kill pathogens in the food and break down complex food molecules.
The acid-secreting gastric mucosal epithelial cells (parietal cells) lining the stomach lumen maintain the low pH in the lumen. Numerous ion transporters and channels on these parietal...
7.6K
Mucosal Barrier of the Stomach01:25

Mucosal Barrier of the Stomach

2.7K
The gastric glands contain parietal cells that secrete hydrochloric acid (HCl) for digestion. The cells secrete HCl because it is highly corrosive and essential for breaking down food. To achieve this, they secrete hydrogen and chloride ions into the lumen of the gastric glands, which combine to form HCl.
Within parietal cells, carbonic acid is first formed through the reaction of water and carbon dioxide. The dissociation of carbonic acid releases bicarbonate and hydrogen ions. The bicarbonate...
2.7K
Pathophysiology of Peptic Ulcer Disease: Injurious Factors01:22

Pathophysiology of Peptic Ulcer Disease: Injurious Factors

1.4K
Peptic ulcers are sores on the stomach's inner lining and the upper small intestine, which are the result of disruptions in the mucosal layer that houses parietal cells which produce gastric acid, and chief cells which secrete pepsinogen.
In the antrum region, G cells secrete the gastrin hormone that binds to gastrin-cholecystokinin-B (CCK2) receptors on parietal and enterochromaffin-like (ECL) cells in the fundic glands. Simultaneously, the vagus nerve releases acetylcholine, which binds...
1.4K
Hormones Secreted by the Stomach01:25

Hormones Secreted by the Stomach

2.9K
Enteroendocrine cells, accounting for only 1% of stomach epithelial cells, play a significant role in digestion and are classified by their digestive hormone secretions.
Each of these hormones secreted by different enteroendocrine cells plays a unique role in digestion. Here are a few examples:
2.9K
Acid Suppressive Drugs for Peptic Ulcer Disease: Antacids01:31

Acid Suppressive Drugs for Peptic Ulcer Disease: Antacids

816
In the complex environment of the gastric lumen, excessive acid secretion can lead to the formation or worsening of ulcers within the delicate mucosal layer. Antacids, such as sodium bicarbonate and calcium carbonate, provide relief by neutralizing this acid, transforming it into harmless salt and water. This neutralization process raises the gastric pH from a highly acidic level of 1 to a more basic 3-4, reducing the acidity within the stomach.
However, this neutralization reaction between...
816

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Correlation of Probe-Based Confocal Laser Endomicroscopy (pCLE) and Mucosal Integrity Testing (MIT) with Epithelial Barrier Function and Presence of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD).

Digestive diseases and sciences·2021
Same author

Editorial: Stomach and duodenum.

Current opinion in gastroenterology·2020
Same author

Proton pump inhibitors: misconceptions and proper prescribing practice.

Current opinion in gastroenterology·2020
Same author

Gastric Peptides-Gastrin and Somatostatin.

Comprehensive Physiology·2019
Same author

Editorial: Stomach and duodenum.

Current opinion in gastroenterology·2019
Same author

Proton pump inhibitors: placing putative adverse effects in proper perspective.

Current opinion in gastroenterology·2019

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 15, 2026

Author Spotlight: Advancing Early Detection and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors
03:05

Author Spotlight: Advancing Early Detection and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors

Published on: February 16, 2024

1.6K

Gastric acid secretion.

Mitchell L Schubert1

  • 1Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University Health System, Richmond and Hunter Holmes McGuire Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Richmond, Virginia, USA.

Current Opinion in Gastroenterology
|September 9, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This review covers recent findings on gastric acid secretion regulation and antisecretory medication use. Emerging evidence on proton pump inhibitor (PPI) risks requires further investigation.

More Related Videos

Author Spotlight: Gastric Epithelial Cell Responses in Helicobacter pylori infection
08:24

Author Spotlight: Gastric Epithelial Cell Responses in Helicobacter pylori infection

Published on: July 5, 2024

1.2K
Simultaneous Laryngopharyngeal and Conventional Esophageal pH Monitoring
06:46

Simultaneous Laryngopharyngeal and Conventional Esophageal pH Monitoring

Published on: December 14, 2020

3.4K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 15, 2026

Author Spotlight: Advancing Early Detection and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors
03:05

Author Spotlight: Advancing Early Detection and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors

Published on: February 16, 2024

1.6K
Author Spotlight: Gastric Epithelial Cell Responses in Helicobacter pylori infection
08:24

Author Spotlight: Gastric Epithelial Cell Responses in Helicobacter pylori infection

Published on: July 5, 2024

1.2K
Simultaneous Laryngopharyngeal and Conventional Esophageal pH Monitoring
06:46

Simultaneous Laryngopharyngeal and Conventional Esophageal pH Monitoring

Published on: December 14, 2020

3.4K

Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Endocrinology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Gastric acid is vital for digestion, nutrient absorption, and pathogen defense.
  • Key regulators include gastrin, histamine, acetylcholine, and somatostatin.
  • Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are widely used antisecretory medications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent clinical and basic science literature on gastric acid secretion.
  • To discuss the neuroendocrine and intracellular regulation of acid secretion.
  • To evaluate the proper use of antisecretory medications, particularly PPIs.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of clinical and basic science studies from the past year.
  • Analysis of data on gastric acid secretion physiology.
  • Examination of current evidence regarding PPI use and associated health risks.

Main Results:

  • Detailed overview of gastric acid secretion stimulants and inhibitors.
  • Discussion of PPI mechanism of action, including effects on somatostatin and gastrin.
  • Evaluation of recent concerns linking PPI use to kidney disease, dementia, and myocardial infarction, noting very low quality of evidence.

Conclusions:

  • Continued advancements in understanding gastric acid secretion physiology.
  • Importance of proper PPI usage for managing acid-peptic disorders.
  • Need for cautious interpretation of emerging PPI-associated risk data due to low evidence quality.