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Related Concept Videos

The Colloidal State01:29

The Colloidal State

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The formation of a colloidal system is exemplified by an aqueous solution containing Cl− ions is introduced to another containing Ag+ ions, resulting in the precipitation of solid AgCl as extremely tiny crystals. Instead of settling out as a filterable precipitate, these crystals remain suspended in the liquid, showcasing a colloidal system.A colloidal system involves colloidal particles within the approximate range of 1 to 1000 nm in at least one dimension, dispersed in a medium called...
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Children at play often make suspensions such as mixtures of mud and water, flour and water, or a suspension of solid pigments in water known as tempera paint. These suspensions are heterogeneous mixtures composed of relatively large particles visible to the naked eye or seen with a magnifying glass. They are cloudy, and the suspended particles settle out after mixing. The suspended particles in a suspension settle out after some time of mixing. The separation of particles from a suspension is...
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The plasma membrane, a critical structure in cellular biology, houses an array of transporters, or carrier proteins, interspersed within its lipid bilayer. These proteins play a crucial role in solute transport through facilitated diffusion, a form of passive diffusion that uses transporters to move the molecules across the membrane.
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The high insolubility of some precipitates can result in an unfavorable relative supersaturation. This can lead to colloidal particles with a large surface-to-mass ratio, where adsorption is promoted. For instance, in the precipitation of silver chloride, silver ions are adsorbed on the surface of the colloidal particles, forming a primary layer. This layer attracts ions of opposite charge (such as nitrate ions), forming a diffuse secondary layer of adsorbed ions. This electric double layer...
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Carrier-mediated transport is a pivotal process in drug absorption, particularly for lipid-insoluble drugs, and encompasses facilitated diffusion and active transport. Facilitated diffusion allows drugs to move along their concentration gradient without energy expenditure, while active transport utilizes ATP to drive drug movement against this gradient.
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Primary Active Transport

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In contrast to passive transport, active transport involves a substance being moved through membranes in a direction against its concentration or electrochemical gradient. There are two types of active transport: primary active transport and secondary active transport. Primary active transport utilizes chemical energy from ATP to drive protein pumps that are embedded in the cell membrane. With energy from ATP, the pumps transport ions against their electrochemical gradients—a direction...
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Controlling Flow Speeds of Microtubule-Based 3D Active Fluids Using Temperature
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Transport on Active Paramagnetic Colloidal Networks.

Florian J Maier1, Thomas M Fischer1

  • 1Experimentalphysik V, University of Bayreuth , 95440 Bayreuth, Germany.

The Journal of Physical Chemistry. B
|September 9, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

We created a dynamic colloidal network that propels nonmagnetic particles via directed fluid flow. This controlled transport is confined to the network, unlike diffusion within its meshes.

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Area of Science:

  • Soft matter physics
  • Colloidal science
  • Active matter physics

Background:

  • Active colloidal systems offer unique transport mechanisms.
  • Understanding directed motion in microscale networks is crucial for applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the self-assembly of an active paramagnetic colloidal network.
  • To demonstrate and model the ballistic transport of nonmagnetic particles on this network.

Main Methods:

  • Dynamic self-assembly of a paramagnetic colloidal network.
  • Utilizing rotational hydrodynamic flow generated by network colloids.
  • Confining transport to the network structure.
  • Observing tracer bead diffusion within network meshes.

Main Results:

  • Successfully assembled an active paramagnetic colloidal network.
  • Demonstrated ballistic transport of fluorescent colloidal particles on the network.
  • Observed diffusive transport for tracer beads within network meshes, confirming confinement.
  • Developed a model to explain the observed transport phenomena.

Conclusions:

  • Active colloidal networks can achieve directed, ballistic transport of cargo.
  • Hydrodynamic interactions within the network are key to directed motion.
  • The network structure effectively confines active transport, contrasting with diffusive behavior in interstitial spaces.