Laryngeal Leishmaniasis with Extra-pulmonary Tuberculosis

Area of Science:

• Infectious Diseases
• Parasitology
• Otolaryngology

Background:

• Leishmaniasis presents in various forms, including visceral, cutaneous, mucocutaneous, mucosal, and post-kala-azar dermal.
• Mucosal leishmaniasis typically affects oral and nasal passages, with laryngeal involvement being rare.
• Co-infection with tuberculosis (TB) is uncommon, particularly in isolated laryngeal leishmaniasis.

Purpose of the Study:

• To report a rare case of isolated laryngeal leishmaniasis.
• To describe its association with extra-pulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB).
• To outline diagnostic and treatment approaches in a resource-limited tropical environment.

Main Methods:

• Case report of a patient presenting with symptoms suggestive of laryngeal involvement.
• Diagnostic workup including clinical examination, imaging, and parasitological confirmation.
• Review of management strategies for co-existing laryngeal leishmaniasis and EPTB.

Main Results:

• The patient presented with isolated laryngeal leishmaniasis.
• The case was complicated by co-infection with extra-pulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB).
• Successful diagnosis and treatment were achieved despite resource limitations.

Conclusions:

• Isolated laryngeal leishmaniasis is a rare clinical presentation.
• Concomitant EPTB requires careful diagnostic consideration and tailored treatment.
• Effective management is achievable even in resource-limited settings with a systematic approach.