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Related Concept Videos

Pulmonary Tuberculosis I01:29

Pulmonary Tuberculosis I

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Tuberculosis, often called TB, is a contagious illness primarily caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It mainly affects the lung parenchyma but can also impact other body parts.
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
Mode of...
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Pulmonary Tuberculosis V01:28

Pulmonary Tuberculosis V

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Medical management of tuberculosis (TB) patients involves a comprehensive approach that includes diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring. The specific strategies can vary depending on the type of tuberculosis (latent or active), the patient's overall health status, and other considerations.
Latent tuberculosis infection occurs when TB bacteria are present in a person's body, but are not causing illness or symptoms. It is not contagious, and preventive treatment is crucial to avoid the...
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Pulmonary Tuberculosis II01:28

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Tuberculosis, or TB, is a bacterial infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While its primary impact is on the lungs, leading to pulmonary tuberculosis, it can also affect various other organs, a condition referred to as extrapulmonary tuberculosis.
Here is a detailed explanation of its pathophysiology:
Transmission: The process begins when a person inhales droplet nuclei containing M. tuberculosis. These are typically released into the air when an individual with pulmonary or...
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Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV01:26

Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV

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Tuberculosis, more commonly referred to as TB, is an infectious disease stemming from Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While it primarily impacts the lungs, TB can also affect other body areas. Given its severity and global impact, timely and accurate diagnosis is crucial for controlling its spread and improving patient outcomes.
Several diagnostic approaches are used to detect TB. The conventional method is the Tuberculin Skin Test (TST), also known as the Mantoux test. However, this method has...
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Pulmonary Tuberculosis III01:31

Pulmonary Tuberculosis III

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Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious infection primarily affecting the lung parenchyma but which can also affect other body parts. TB can be classified based on disease development, presentation, and the affected anatomical site.
The first classification is based on the development of the disease, and it includes the following categories:
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Defense Against Bacterial Pathogens01:31

Defense Against Bacterial Pathogens

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The human immune system is a complex network of cells, tissues, and organs that work together to defend the body against bacterial infections. It consists of various immune cells, each playing a specific role in the defense mechanism.
Phagocytes
Phagocytes are the frontline soldiers of the immune system. They include neutrophils and macrophages. Neutrophils are the most abundant type of white blood cell and are quickly mobilized to the site of infection. Macrophages are larger cells that patrol...
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Updated: Mar 15, 2026

An Automated Culture System for Use in Preclinical Testing of Host-Directed Therapies for Tuberculosis
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An Automated Culture System for Use in Preclinical Testing of Host-Directed Therapies for Tuberculosis

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Microbiome Changes during Tuberculosis and Antituberculous Therapy.

Bo-Young Hong1, Nancy Paula Maulén2, Alexander J Adami3

  • 1The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut, USA.

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The human lung microbiome, or lung microbiota, plays a role in tuberculosis (TB) disease. Antitubercular therapy significantly alters the lung microbiome composition.

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Immunology
  • Pulmonology

Background:

  • The human body harbors commensal microbiota with increasing recognition of its role in health and disease.
  • The lower respiratory tract hosts a diverse lung microbiota in both healthy individuals and those with respiratory diseases.
  • Dysbiosis of airway microbiota is implicated in the pathophysiology of pulmonary tuberculosis (TB).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the potential role of the human microbiome in TB pathogenesis.
  • To discuss alterations in the human microbiome during Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection.
  • To examine the impact of TB therapy on the lung microbiome composition.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on lung microbiome and TB.
  • Analysis of research on microbial community changes in TB patients.
  • Examination of data on the effects of antitubercular drugs on the lung microbiome.

Main Results:

  • Lung microbiome alterations are associated with TB and other lung diseases.
  • Antitubercular drug therapy significantly impacts lung microbiome composition.
  • Dysbiosis in airway microbiota may contribute to TB disease processes.

Conclusions:

  • The human microbiome is potentially involved in TB pathogenesis.
  • Understanding microbiome changes during TB infection and treatment is crucial.
  • Further research is needed to elucidate the precise role of the lung microbiome in TB.