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Spatiotemporal microbial evolution on antibiotic landscapes.

Michael Baym1, Tami D Lieberman1, Eric D Kelsic1

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This summary is machine-generated.

Bacteria evolve on a large antibiotic landscape, showing consistent resistance increases but also lineage diversification. Highly resistant mutants can be outcompeted by less resistant ones in this microbial evolution study.

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Evolutionary Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Bacterial survival depends on evolution during migration through changing environments.
  • Traditional lab experiments often use well-mixed systems, limiting the study of spatial evolution.
  • Visualizing bacterial adaptation in real-time on complex landscapes is challenging.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce and validate a novel experimental device, the microbial evolution and growth arena (MEGA)-plate.
  • To study bacterial evolution and adaptation on a large-scale antibiotic landscape.
  • To visually observe mutation and selection dynamics in a migrating bacterial front.

Main Methods:

  • Development of the MEGA-plate, a 120 × 60 cm device for bacterial evolution experiments.
  • Culturing bacteria on an antibiotic gradient landscape.
  • Visual observation and analysis of bacterial mutants at and behind the propagating front.

Main Results:

  • Consistent increases in bacterial resistance were observed across the landscape.
  • Multiple bacterial lineages diversified both phenotypically and genotypically.
  • Highly resistant mutants were sometimes outcompeted and trapped behind less resistant lineages.

Conclusions:

  • The MEGA-plate is a versatile platform for studying microbial adaptation.
  • Evolutionary dynamics, including non-linear selection, can be directly visualized.
  • Spatial structure significantly influences the trajectory of bacterial evolution and lineage coexistence.