Simultaneous determination of ascorbic acid, acetaminophen and codeine based on multi-walled carbon nanotubes...

Area of Science:

• Electrochemistry
• Materials Science
• Analytical Chemistry

Background:

• Development of selective and sensitive electrochemical sensors is crucial for analyzing biologically and pharmaceutically relevant molecules.
• Multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) offer excellent conductivity and high surface area for electrode modification.
• Zinc chromium ferrite (ZnCrFeO4) nanoparticles possess unique electrochemical properties.

Purpose of the Study:

• To prepare and characterize a novel chemically modified electrode for simultaneous determination of ascorbic acid (AA), acetaminophen (AC), and codeine (CO).
• To evaluate the electrocatalytic activity and sensing performance of the developed electrode.

Main Methods:

• Fabrication of a chemically modified electrode using MWCNTs/ZnCrFeO4 composite paste on a carbon paste electrode (CPE).
• Characterization of the electrode using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS).
• Electrochemical determination of AA, AC, and CO using cyclic voltammetry and differential pulse voltammetry.

Main Results:

• The MWCNTs/ZnCrFeO4/CPE exhibited efficient electrocatalytic activity towards the oxidation of AA, AC, and CO.
• Excellent separation of oxidation potentials was achieved: 250mV for AA-AC and 630mV for AC-CO.
• Low detection limits were obtained: 0.03 μmolL⁻¹ for AA, 0.009 μmolL⁻¹ for AC, and 0.01 μmolL⁻¹ for CO.
• The method demonstrated high selectivity, simplicity, and precision in analyzing pharmaceutical and biological samples.

Conclusions:

• The developed MWCNTs/ZnCrFeO4/CPE is a highly effective sensor for the simultaneous and sensitive detection of AA, AC, and CO.
• This novel electrode holds significant potential for applications in pharmaceutical analysis and biological sample monitoring.