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Related Experiment Videos

Constraints on priming in spatial memory: naturally learned versus experimentally learned environments.

T P McNamara, J Altarriba, M Bendele

    Memory & Cognition
    |July 1, 1989
    PubMed
    Summary

    Spatial priming effects in memory depend on context. When memory retrieval is encouraged, spatial relationships between locations are recalled, unlike in decontextualized recognition tasks.

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    Area of Science:

    • Cognitive Psychology
    • Neuroscience
    • Human Memory

    Background:

    • Priming effects in memory are well-documented.
    • Spatial memory is crucial for navigation and recall.
    • Prior research on spatial priming often used laboratory-learned layouts.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the constraints on priming in spatial memory.
    • To determine if spatial relationships between real-world locations influence recognition.
    • To explore the role of memory decontextualization in spatial priming.

    Main Methods:

    • Four experiments were conducted using recognition tests with real-world campus locations.
    • Participants familiar with Vanderbilt University campus locations identified named buildings.

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  • Foils were varied between fictional names and names of buildings in a separate campus area.

    • Main Results:

    • No spatial priming was observed when fictional foils were used, suggesting non-spatial strategies were employed.
    • Spatial priming emerged when foils were names of buildings in a geographically distinct campus area, prompting spatial knowledge retrieval.
    • Spatial priming was also demonstrated with experimentally learned spatial configurations.

    Conclusions:

    • Spatial priming in recognition tasks is constrained by the degree of contextual retrieval.
    • Memory decontextualization over time can reduce reliance on spatial information.
    • Real-world spatial knowledge is accessed when memory retrieval demands necessitate it.