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Related Concept Videos

Accessory Structures of the Skin: Nails01:05

Accessory Structures of the Skin: Nails

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Nails are one of the important accessory structures of the skin. They are hard, protective structures that cover the dorsal surface of the distal phalanges of fingers and toes. Nails are composed of specialized keratinized cells and serve various functions, including protection, sensation, and manual dexterity.
The main components of a nail include the following.
Nail Plate: The nail plate is the visible portion of the nail that extends beyond the fingertips or toes. It is a hard, translucent...
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Related Experiment Video

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A Reproducible Computerized Method for Quantitation of Capillary Density using Nailfold Capillaroscopy
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Capillary density: An important parameter in nailfold capillaroscopy.

Zahra Emrani1, Abdolamir Karbalaie2, Alimohammad Fatemi3

  • 1Medical Image and Signal Processing Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.

Microvascular Research
|September 11, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Nailfold capillaroscopy assesses microvascular changes, aiding in diagnosing Systemic sclerosis by detecting capillary abnormalities. This noninvasive method quantifies capillary density, crucial for identifying microangiopathic features in connective tissue diseases.

Keywords:
Antinuclear antibodiesCapillary densityDigital ulcerNailfold capillaroscopyPulmonary arterial hypertension

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Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Rheumatology
  • Vascular Biology

Background:

  • Nailfold capillaroscopy is a noninvasive technique for studying skin microcirculation.
  • It is valuable for assessing peripheral microvascular changes.
  • Systemic sclerosis diagnosis often involves characteristic nailfold capillaroscopy findings.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review a common method for calculating capillary density.
  • To explore the relationship between capillary number and clinical manifestations.
  • To assess the utility of nailfold capillaroscopy in connective tissue diseases.

Main Methods:

  • Quantitative measurement of capillary density.
  • Nailfold capillaroscopy examination.
  • Review of existing literature and scoring systems.

Main Results:

  • Nailfold capillaroscopy reveals giant capillaries and capillary dropout in Systemic sclerosis.
  • Reduced capillary density is a key microangiopathic feature.
  • Capillary density correlates with digital ulcers, pulmonary arterial hypertension, and autoantibodies.

Conclusions:

  • Nailfold capillaroscopy is essential for diagnosing Systemic sclerosis and other connective tissue diseases.
  • Quantitative assessment of capillary density is a significant diagnostic parameter.
  • This method aids in understanding microvascular involvement and disease severity.