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Updated: Mar 15, 2026

Systematic Hearing Performance Evaluation Process for Adolescents with Cochlear Implantation at Early Ages
Published on: March 24, 2023
Five-year speech and language outcomes in children with cleft lip-palate
Benjamas Prathanee1, Tawitree Pumnum1, Cholada Seepuaham1
1Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand.
Objective:
To investigate 5-year speech and language outcomes in children with cleft lip/palate (CLP).
Materials And Methods:
Thirty-eight children aged 4-7 years and 8 months were recruited for this study. Speech abilities including articulation, resonance, voice, and intelligibility were assessed based on Thai Universal Parameters of Speech Outcomes. Language ability was assessed by the Language Screening Test.
Results:
The findings revealed that children with clefts had speech and language delay, abnormal understandability, resonance abnormality, and voice disturbance; articulation defects that were 8.33 (1.75, 22.47), 50.00 (32.92, 67.08), 36.11 (20.82, 53.78), 30.56 (16.35, 48.11), and 94.44 (81.34, 99.32).
Conclusions:
Articulation errors were the most common speech and language defects in children with clefts, followed by abnormal understandability, resonance abnormality, and voice disturbance. These results should be of critical concern. Protocol reviewing and early intervention programs are needed for improved speech outcomes.
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