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Related Concept Videos

Gallbladder01:17

Gallbladder

2.8K
The gallbladder is a small, pear-shaped organ that plays a crucial role in our digestive system. Measuring about 10 cm in length, it is comparable in size to a kiwi fruit and is located in a hollow area on the lower surface of the liver. The gallbladder's primary function is to store and concentrate bile, a fluid produced by the liver that aids in digestion.
The gallbladder's anatomy consists of three regions: the fundus, body, and neck. Extending from the neck, the cystic duct joins...
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Abdominal Regions and Quadrants01:19

Abdominal Regions and Quadrants

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To promote clear communication, for instance, about the location of a patient's abdominal pain or a suspicious mass, anatomists and clinicians typically use imaginary lines to categorize the abdominopelvic cavity into either four quadrants or nine regions to identify organs in the cavity.
The simpler quadrants approach, which is more commonly used in medicine, subdivides the cavity with one horizontal and one vertical line that intersects at the patient's umbilicus (navel). The four...
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Endoscopic Procedures V: ERCP01:26

Endoscopic Procedures V: ERCP

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Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is a diagnostic procedure that combines endoscopy and fluoroscopy to diagnose and treat conditions related to the bile ducts, pancreatic ducts, and gallbladder. This procedure is beneficial for identifying and addressing blockages, gallstones, strictures, and tumors within the biliary or pancreatic systems. ERCP is both diagnostic and therapeutic, offering the ability to visualize and treat identified problems in one session.
Patient...
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Gastritis-II: Pathophysiology01:17

Gastritis-II: Pathophysiology

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Gastritis is marked by disruption of the mucosal barrier that usually protects the stomach tissue from digestive juices and manifests in acute and chronic forms.
In acute gastritis, the gastric mucosa becomes swollen and red and undergoes superficial erosion. Superficial ulceration may lead to bleeding.
In chronic gastritis, persistent or repeated insults lead to chronic inflammatory changes and, eventually, thinning or atrophy of the gastric tissue.
Gastritis can stem from various causes, each...
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Gastritis III: Clinical Manifestations and Management01:23

Gastritis III: Clinical Manifestations and Management

1.6K
The clinical manifestations of gastritis can vary depending on the cause and type of gastritis, but some common symptoms may include the following.
Clinical manifestations of acute gastritis
The patient with acute gastritis may have a rapid onset of symptoms, such as epigastric pain or discomfort, dyspepsia, anorexia, hiccups, or nausea and vomiting, which can last from a few hours to a few days. Erosive or hemorrhagic gastritis may cause bleeding, which may manifest as blood in vomit or as...
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Chronic Bowel Disorders: Introduction01:17

Chronic Bowel Disorders: Introduction

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Chronic bowel diseases are a group of long-term conditions affecting the digestive tract, characterized by inflammation and damage to the gut lining. These conditions primarily include irritable bowel syndrome and inflammatory bowel disease.
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is a common disorder affecting the gastrointestinal tract. The distinctive feature is recurrent abdominal pain associated with altered bowel movements, manifesting as constipation, diarrhea, or fluctuating between both. The...
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Updated: Mar 15, 2026

The Role of Indocyanine Green Fluorescence in Complex Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy Navigation
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The Role of Indocyanine Green Fluorescence in Complex Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy Navigation

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Rigler triad in gallstone ileus.

Lorena Brandariz Gil1, Tamara Fernández de Miguel2, José Perea3

  • 1Cirugía general y del Aparato Digestivo, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, España.

Revista Espanola De Enfermedades Digestivas
|September 13, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Gallstone ileus, a rare biliary disease complication, causes intestinal obstruction via gallstones and bilio-digestive fistulas. Early diagnosis is crucial due to high mortality, often missed until surgery.

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Biliary Diseases
  • Surgical Complications

Background:

  • Gallstone ileus is an infrequent complication of biliary tract disease.
  • It involves intestinal obstruction resulting from a gallstone migrating through a bilio-digestive fistula.

Observation:

  • This condition is associated with significant morbidity and mortality.
  • Advanced patient age, comorbidities, and diagnostic delays are key contributing factors.
  • Diagnosis is frequently made postoperatively, highlighting the need for high clinical suspicion.

Findings:

  • Abdominal X-rays in gallstone ileus cases are often nonspecific.
  • The classic Rigler triad (pneumobilia, small bowel obstruction, and ectopic gallstone) is rarely observed in its entirety.

Implications:

  • Emphasizes the challenge in early clinical diagnosis of gallstone ileus.
  • Highlights the importance of considering rare complications in elderly patients with comorbidities.
  • Underscores the need for advanced imaging or diagnostic suspicion when typical signs are absent.