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Related Concept Videos

Cells and Secretions of the Pancreas01:16

Cells and Secretions of the Pancreas

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The pancreas, a vital organ within the abdominal cavity, plays dual roles in the digestive and endocrine systems, collaborating with exocrine and endocrine cells to maintain optimal digestion and blood sugar levels.
Exocrine function is carried out by acinar cells, organized into clusters known as acini. These cells contribute to digestion by releasing substantial quantities of enzyme-rich, alkaline digestive juices.
Concurrently, the dispersed clusters of endocrine cells throughout the...
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Insulin Secretory Vesicles01:05

Insulin Secretory Vesicles

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Insulin secretory vesicles release insulin to stimulate blood glucose uptake and regulate carbohydrate metabolism. When the blood glucose levels increase, glucose enters the pancreatic β-islet cells through glucose transporters. Once inside, glucose is metabolized through glycolysis, the citric acid cycle, and the electron transport chain, producing ATP. This increase in ATP concentration closes ATP-sensitive potassium channels, leading to depolarization of the membrane and the opening of...
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Glucose Homeostasis: Pancreatic Islets and Insulin Secretion01:27

Glucose Homeostasis: Pancreatic Islets and Insulin Secretion

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The pancreatic islets comprising only 1%-2% of the volume are highly vascularized and innervated mini-organs. They contain five endocrine cell types, including β cells that secrete insulin, which is synthesized as a single polypeptide chain, preproinsulin, processed to proinsulin, and finally to insulin and C-peptide. This process is complex and regulated, involving the Golgi complex, the endoplasmic reticulum, and the secretory granules of the β cell.
Insulin and C-peptide are...
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Insulin: Biosynthesis, Chemistry, and Preparation01:25

Insulin: Biosynthesis, Chemistry, and Preparation

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The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) of pancreatic β-cells synthesizes preproinsulin, which consists of a signal peptide, A and B chains, and a C-peptide. Preproinsulin is then cleaved and folded into proinsulin, which translocates to the Golgi apparatus for sorting and packaging into secretory granules. In these granules, enzymatic clipping generates insulin and C-peptide.
Damage or functional impairment of β-cells inhibits insulin production, leading to diabetes. Diabetes treatment...
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Tissue Renewal without Stem Cells01:23

Tissue Renewal without Stem Cells

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After cellular or tissue damage, the resident stem cells present in the human body can locally repair and regenerate the damaged tissue or organ. However, even though some tissues do not have stem cells, they can repair and regenerate with the help of pre-existing cells. For example, beta cells of the pancreas and hepatocytes of the liver can divide to renew and regenerate the tissue. Here, both cell division and cell death are well regulated by homeostasis.
However, failure of such a system...
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iPS Cell Differentiation01:22

iPS Cell Differentiation

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The ability of induced pluripotent stem cells or iPSCs to differentiate into most body cell types has stimulated repair and regenerative medicine research over the past few decades. iPSC-derived blood cells, hepatocytes, beta islet cells, cardiomyocytes, neurons, and other cell types can repair injuries or regenerate damaged tissue in diseases such as diabetes and neurodegenerative disorders.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 15, 2026

Generation of Scaffold-free, Three-dimensional Insulin Expressing Pancreatoids from Mouse Pancreatic Progenitors In Vitro
09:33

Generation of Scaffold-free, Three-dimensional Insulin Expressing Pancreatoids from Mouse Pancreatic Progenitors In Vitro

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Making β(-like)-cells from exocrine pancreas.

W Staels1,2, S De Groef1, L Bussche1

  • 1Diabetes Research Center, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium.

Diabetes, Obesity & Metabolism
|September 13, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Generating beta-like cells from pancreatic exocrine cells via transdifferentiation offers a promising, safe, and potentially non-invasive therapy for diabetes. Further research into transdifferentiation mechanisms is crucial for clinical application.

Keywords:
acinar celldiabetesduct cellpancreasprogenitor cellreprogrammingtransdifferentiationβ-cell

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Isolating and Analyzing Cells of the Pancreas Mesenchyme by Flow Cytometry
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Isolating and Analyzing Cells of the Pancreas Mesenchyme by Flow Cytometry

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Last Updated: Mar 15, 2026

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Isolating and Analyzing Cells of the Pancreas Mesenchyme by Flow Cytometry
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Isolating and Analyzing Cells of the Pancreas Mesenchyme by Flow Cytometry

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Regenerative Medicine
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Generating functional beta cells is a key goal in diabetes research.
  • Cell plasticity offers potential for regenerative therapies, but successes have been limited.
  • Transdifferentiation of pancreatic cells is a promising strategy for beta cell generation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the potential of transdifferentiation for generating beta-like cells.
  • To highlight the advantages of transdifferentiation-derived beta-like cells over directed differentiation.
  • To emphasize the importance of understanding transdifferentiation mechanisms for future diabetes therapies.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current research on cell plasticity and transdifferentiation in the pancreas.
  • Analysis of the potential of exocrine pancreas cells as a source for beta-like cells.
  • Discussion of safety and efficacy considerations for cell-based diabetes therapies.

Main Results:

  • Transdifferentiation offers potential advantages in safety and non-invasive application compared to current methods.
  • Exocrine pancreatic cells are abundant and possess high plasticity, making them ideal candidates for transdifferentiation.
  • While directed differentiation of stem cells is in clinical trials, transdifferentiation is not yet ready for application.

Conclusions:

  • Transdifferentiation of exocrine pancreas cells into beta-like cells holds significant promise for diabetes regenerative medicine.
  • Further research into the mechanisms controlling exocrine-to-beta cell transdifferentiation is essential for clinical translation.
  • Targeted drug delivery could enable non-invasive cell therapy for diabetes by controlling transdifferentiation efficiency.