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Cross-script orthographic and phonological preview benefits.

Olessia Jouravlev1,2, Debra Jared1

  • 1a Department of Psychology , University of Western Ontario , London , Ontario , Canada.

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology (2006)
|September 13, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Proficient bilinguals reading in a second language (L2) benefit from preview words in their first language (L1) that share similar spelling or sounds. This cross-script preview effect shows how bilinguals integrate language information during reading.

Keywords:
BilingualEye trackingOrthographic previewParafoveal previewPhonological previewRussian–English bilinguals

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Area of Science:

  • Psycholinguistics
  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Second Language Acquisition

Background:

  • Bilinguals process two languages, influencing cognitive mechanisms like reading.
  • Parafoveal preview benefit, where upcoming word information aids processing, is well-established in monolingual reading.
  • Cross-linguistic influences in bilingual reading, especially concerning orthographic and phonological processing, require further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the use of first-language (L1) orthographic and phonological codes during second-language (L2) sentence reading in proficient bilinguals.
  • To determine if parafoveal preview effects occur across different scripts (Russian and English).
  • To examine the independent contributions of orthography and phonology to cross-linguistic preview benefits.

Main Methods:

  • Proficient Russian-English bilinguals participated in a reading experiment.
  • Participants read English sentences where a Russian preview word was replaced by an English target word.
  • Preview words were manipulated to overlap with target words in orthography, phonology, or neither, across scripts.

Main Results:

  • A significant parafoveal preview benefit was observed when Russian preview words shared orthography or phonology with English target words.
  • This benefit occurred regardless of whether the overlap was orthographic or phonological.
  • The study demonstrated cross-script orthographic and phonological parafoveal preview benefit effects for the first time.

Conclusions:

  • Proficient bilinguals integrate orthographic and phonological information across languages during reading.
  • Parafoveal processing in L2 reading is influenced by L1 information, even across different writing systems.
  • These findings highlight the interconnectedness of linguistic representations in the bilingual brain.