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A High Contrast Tri-state Fluorescent Switch: Properties and Applications.

Xing Su1,2, Yi Wang2, Xiaofeng Fang2

  • 1College of Instrumentation and Electrical Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, 130061, P. R. China.

Chemistry, an Asian Journal
|September 13, 2016
PubMed
Summary

A novel fluorescent switch combines aggregation-induced emission with spiropyran for a three-state system. This molecular switch exhibits reversible color changes and on/off fluorescence, showing promise for advanced applications.

Keywords:
aggregation-induced emissionfluorescent molecular switchmechanochromic behaviorspiropyrantetraphenylethene

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Organic Chemistry
  • Supramolecular Chemistry

Background:

  • Aggregation-induced emission (AIE) materials offer unique photophysical properties.
  • Molecular switches based on spiropyrans enable stimuli-responsive behavior.
  • Developing solid-state fluorescent switches with high contrast and multiple states remains a challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To design and synthesize a single molecular system exhibiting a tri-state fluorescent switch with both emission color change and on/off switching.
  • To investigate the solid-state properties and stimuli-responsive behavior of the designed fluorescent switch.
  • To explore potential applications in displays, sensing, and anti-counterfeiting.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesized a fluorescent switch (FSPTPE) by fusing tetraphenylethene (TPE) with spiropyran (SP).
  • Characterized the solid-state properties, focusing on amorphous and crystalline phases.
  • Investigated the response to acidic gases, mechanical force, and solvent treatment to induce fluorescence switching.

Main Results:

  • Achieved a tri-state fluorescent switch (cyan/orange/dark) in a single molecular system.
  • The amorphous ring-closed form exhibits stable cyan emission, while acid treatment induces an orange emissive crystalline state.
  • Reversible switching between states was demonstrated using acid/base or mechanical force/solvent stimuli, with high color contrast (120 nm) and a dark state quantum yield <0.01%.

Conclusions:

  • The FSPTPE system successfully integrates AIE and molecular switching for a high-contrast, multi-state fluorescent switch.
  • The amorphous-to-crystalline transition driven by stimuli is key to the observed fluorescence switching.
  • The developed fluorescent switch shows significant potential for applications in advanced displays, chemical/mechanical sensing, and anti-counterfeiting technologies.