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Pregnane X Receptor and Cancer: Context-Specificity is Key
Satyanarayana R Pondugula1, Petr Pavek2, Sridhar Mani3
1Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA; Auburn University Research Initiative in Cancer, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA.
Nuclear Receptor Research
|September 13, 2016
Summary
Pregnane X receptor (PXR) influences cancer growth and chemotherapy effectiveness. Targeting PXR in specific cancers may offer new therapeutic strategies.
Area of Science:
- Molecular Biology
- Oncology
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Pregnane X receptor (PXR) is a nuclear receptor activated by various compounds, crucial for drug metabolism in the liver and intestines.
- PXR is increasingly recognized for its role in cancer development and response to chemotherapy.
- Its expression in various cancer tissues highlights its potential as a therapeutic target.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the diverse roles of PXR in different cancer types.
- To explore PXR's involvement in cancer cell proliferation, metastasis, and apoptosis.
- To discuss PXR's impact on chemotherapy outcomes and identify future research directions.
Main Methods:
- Literature review focusing on PXR's function in cancer.
- Analysis of PXR's regulatory role in drug metabolism and cancer-related pathways.
- Examination of PXR's involvement in prostate, breast, ovarian, endometrial, and colon cancers.
Main Results:
- PXR regulates genes involved in drug metabolism, transport, proliferation, metastasis, apoptosis, inflammation, and oxidative stress in cancer cells.
- Evidence suggests PXR plays a differential role in the growth and progression of various cancers.
- PXR activity significantly impacts the efficacy of chemotherapy treatments.
Conclusions:
- PXR exhibits a complex and varied role across different cancer types.
- Understanding PXR's specific functions in PXR-expressing cancers is critical.
- Development of selective PXR modulators is needed for targeted cancer therapy.
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