Gout and African Americans: Reducing disparities
1Allergy/Immunology and Rheumatology Fellow, Division of Immunology, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA, USA.
Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine
|September 13, 2016
Summary
African Americans experience higher rates of gout and often receive suboptimal treatment. Healthcare providers must recognize gout risk factors and guidelines to improve care and reduce health disparities.
Area of Science:
- Rheumatology
- Health Disparities
- Internal Medicine
Background:
- Gout disproportionately affects African Americans.
- Suboptimal treatment rates are higher in this population.
- Awareness of risk factors and guidelines is crucial.
Purpose of the Study:
- To highlight the prevalence of gout in African Americans.
- To emphasize the need for optimal treatment strategies.
- To address healthcare delivery disparities.
Main Methods:
- Literature review on gout prevalence and treatment in African Americans.
- Analysis of clinical guidelines for gout management.
- Discussion of strategies to mitigate healthcare disparities.
Main Results:
- African Americans exhibit increased susceptibility to gout.
- This demographic receives less than optimal gout treatment.
- Disparities in healthcare delivery persist.
Conclusions:
- Physicians must be informed about gout risk factors.
- Adherence to treatment guidelines for acute attacks and hyperuricemia is essential.
- Proactive strategies are needed to reduce gout care disparities in African Americans.
Related Concept Videos
01:11Genome-wide Association Studies-GWAS
16.4K
Genome-wide association studies or GWAS are used to identify whether common SNPs are associated with certain diseases. Suppose specific SNPs are more frequently observed in individuals with a particular disease than those without the disease. In that case, those SNPs are said to be associated with the disease. Chi-square analysis is performed to check the probability of the allele likely to be associated with the disease.
GWAS does not require the identification of the target gene involved in...
GWAS does not require the identification of the target gene involved in...
16.4K
01:27Principles of Pharmacogenetics: Types of Genetic Variants
72
The human genome is over 99.9% identical between individuals, yet genetic differences exist at millions of bases. The human genome contains approximately 3 million variant positions per individual, many of which are heterozygous, contributing to genetic diversity and individual traits. Genetic variations include single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), insertions, deletions, and copy number variations (CNVs).SNPs, the most common variation, involve single-base changes in DNA. These can be...
72
01:29Bias in Epidemiological Studies
1.5K
Biases can arise at various stages of research, from study design and data collection to analysis and interpretation. Recognizing and addressing these biases is essential to ensure the validity and reliability of epidemiological findings.Broadly speaking, biases in epidemiology fall into three main categories: selection bias, information bias, and confounding. A more detailed description of possible biases is:
1.5K
01:29Pharmacogenomics: Identification of New Drug Targets
73
Advances in genomics have profoundly influenced drug discovery by increasing both the speed and accuracy of pharmaceutical development. Pharmacogenomics, which examines how genetic variation influences drug response, facilitates the identification of novel therapeutic targets and enables patient stratification for personalized treatment. These strategies contribute to improved drug efficacy, minimized adverse effects, and more efficient clinical trial design.Mapping genetic differences...
73
01:27Urinary Tract Calculi IV: Nutrition Therapy and Prevention
521
Management of renal calculi focuses on effective strategies like tailored nutrition and hydration therapy. Adjusting diet and fluid intake reduces stone formation and recurrence, making these interventions simple yet powerful in kidney stone prevention and management.Understanding Kidney StonesKidney stones form when calcium, oxalate, uric acid, and cystine concentrate and crystallize in urine. Factors contributing to their formation include genetic predisposition, certain medical conditions,...
521
01:28Drug Dosing in Renal Diseases: Estimation of Glomerular Filtration Rate Based on Serum Creatinine Concentration
287
Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) can be estimated from serum creatinine using the modification of diet in renal disease (MDRD) formula or the chronic kidney disease–epidemiology collaboration (CKD–EPI) equation. Both methods are widely used in clinical practice to assess kidney function and guide treatment decisions.The MDRD equation does not require weight or height measurements and is normalized to the body surface area of 1.73 m², considered the average adult surface area.
287