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Effect of recombinant malarial antigen on monocyte functionality.

Abhik Saha1, Sejal Chauhan1, Tamishraha Bagchi2

  • 1Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology Centre, Faculty of Science, The M. S. University of Baroda, Vadodara- 390 002, Gujarat, India.

Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
|September 14, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Recombinant malaria antigens impact monocyte function, reducing phagocytosis and altering chemokine receptor expression. This modulation may explain the limited success of Plasmodium vivax vaccines and therapies.

Keywords:
Apical membrane antigen-1MalariaMerozoite surface protein-7MonocyteWarp protein

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Malaria Pathogenesis

Background:

  • Recombinant proteins and vaccine candidates for Plasmodium vivax have shown limited efficacy.
  • Monocytes play a crucial role in malaria pathogenesis, and their function may be affected by malarial antigens.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of selected recombinant malarial proteins on monocyte functions.
  • To understand how these antigens influence monocyte phagocytosis, respiratory burst, and homing capacity.

Main Methods:

  • Assessed phagocytosis rate and respiratory burst (nitroblue tetrazolium reduction) in healthy monocytes treated with recombinant antigens.
  • Examined mRNA levels of chemokine receptors (CCR2, CCR7, CX3CR1, CXCR4) in monocytes from patients and healthy individuals.
  • Studied the effect of specific antigens (AMA-1, MSP7, WARP) on monocyte chemokine receptor expression.

Main Results:

  • Antigen treatment reduced monocyte phagocytosis.
  • Apical membrane antigen-1 (AMA-1) and merozoite surface protein-7 (MSP7) increased nitroblue tetrazolium reduction compared to controls.
  • Patient monocytes exhibited altered chemokine receptor expression (higher CCR2, CX3CR1; lower CCR7, CXCR4).
  • Antigen-treated monocytes showed varied changes in chemokine receptor expression, with MSP7 reducing all receptors.

Conclusions:

  • Recombinant malarial antigens can modulate monocyte functionality.
  • These modulations may negatively impact the therapeutic effectiveness of Plasmodium vivax vaccine candidates.