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A School-Based Program for Overweight and Obese Adolescents: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Lori Pbert¹, Susan Druker², Bruce Barton³

¹Division of Preventive and Behavioral Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 55 Lake Avenue North, Worcester, MA 06155. lori.pbert@umassmed.edu.

The Journal of School Health

|September 14, 2016

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A school-based program for adolescent weight management, including nurse counseling and exercise, did not reduce body mass index (BMI). This highlights the need for environmental and social norm changes to combat the obesity epidemic.

Area of Science:

Public Health
Pediatrics
Behavioral Science

Background:

Rising rates of adolescent overweight and obesity necessitate accessible weight management interventions.
School-based programs offer a potential venue for implementing such treatments.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the acceptability and efficacy of a school-based intervention for overweight and obese adolescents.
The intervention combined school nurse-delivered counseling with an afterschool exercise program.

Main Methods:

A pair-matched cluster-randomized controlled trial involving 8 public high schools.
126 overweight or obese adolescents received either the intervention or a control (nurse contact with weight management information).
Assessments of diet, activity, and body mass index (BMI) were conducted at baseline and 8-month follow-up.

Keywords:

adolescents diet obesity physical activity school-based program

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Main Results:

No significant differences in BMI, percent body fat, or waist circumference between intervention and control groups at follow-up.
Adolescents in the intervention group reported eating breakfast more frequently (0.81 days/week).
No other targeted behavioral changes were observed.

Conclusions:

The school-based intervention, while theoretically promising, was not effective in reducing adolescent BMI or key obesogenic behaviors.
Individual-level interventions may be insufficient to address the adolescent obesity epidemic without concurrent changes in social norms and the environment.