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Updated: Mar 15, 2026

Mesocosm-Scale Constructed Wetland Design for Wastewater Treatment
Published on: May 2, 2025
Wetlands for Wastewater Treatment
Yi Jiang1, Edith Martinez-Guerra, Veera Gnaneswar Gude
1Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA.
This paper reviews natural wastewater treatment technologies, focusing on wetland systems for pollutant removal. It covers applications, nutrient and contaminant removal, and innovative system designs for effective water purification.
Area of Science:
- Environmental Engineering
- Water Treatment Technologies
- Ecological Engineering
Background:
- Wastewater treatment faces challenges with conventional methods.
- Natural processes offer sustainable and passive treatment solutions.
- Wetland systems are increasingly recognized for their efficacy.
Purpose of the Study:
- To provide an update on research and development in natural wastewater treatment.
- To highlight the applications and capabilities of wetland systems.
- To summarize key findings on pollutant removal and system design.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of current research and development.
- Analysis of studies on wetland systems for wastewater treatment.
- Synthesis of data on nutrient and pollutant removal efficacy.
Main Results:
- Wetland systems are effective as advanced or decentralized treatment units.
- Significant removal of nutrients, metals, industrial, and emerging pollutants (including pharmaceuticals) is achievable.
- Vegetation, design, modeling, and hybrid systems influence treatment performance.
Conclusions:
- Natural treatment technologies, particularly wetlands, offer viable solutions for wastewater management.
- Further research into vegetation, design, and innovative systems can optimize performance.
- Wetlands are effective for stormwater treatment and pathogen removal.
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