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Healthcare Associated Infections II: Preventive Measures

Healthcare Associated Infections II: Preventive Measures

Essential infection prevention measures are based on the knowledge of the infection chain, the modes of transmission in healthcare settings, and the use of the best practices in all healthcare settings. Compulsory public reporting of healthcare-associated infection rates is needed to allow individuals and the community to make informed choices regarding selecting a healthcare facility.
The best practices for preventing healthcare-associated infections include hand hygiene, patient risk...

Factors Affecting the Risk of Infection

Factors Affecting the Risk of Infection

The hosts' susceptibility to infection depends on several factors. The integrity of the skin and mucous membranes helps protect the body against microbial attacks. When the skin is altered, the chance of infection, limb loss, and even death increases.
The integrity and count of the white blood cells help the body resist pathogens and fight infection. When impaired, it reduces the body's resistance to pathogens. The acidic pH levels of the gastrointestinal, genitourinary tracts, and skin...

Urinary Tract Infection III: Diagnostic Studies and Interprofessional Care

Urinary Tract Infection III: Diagnostic Studies and Interprofessional Care

A healthcare provider can diagnose a urinary tract infection (UTI) through several methods:Medical History and Symptoms: The provider will take a detailed medical history and ask about symptoms such as frequent urination, burning sensation during urination, and lower abdominal pain.Urinalysis: A clean-catch urine sample is collected in a sterile container and tested for the presence of bacteria, white blood cells (leukocytes), nitrites, blood, and protein. The presence of leukocytes and...

Healthcare Associated Infections I: Iatrogenic, Exogenic and Endogenic

Healthcare Associated Infections I: Iatrogenic, Exogenic and Endogenic

Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) occur in a healthcare facility while a person receives care for another ailment. This category also includes work-related infections among healthcare staff.
HAIs significantly increase the cost of health care. Extended stays in healthcare institutions, increased disability, increased costs of medications, including specialized antibiotics, and prolonged recovery times add to the patient's expenses and the healthcare institution and funding bodies.

Transmission-based Precautions I: Contact, Enteric, and Droplets

Transmission-based Precautions I: Contact, Enteric, and Droplets

Transmission-based precautions are for patients known to be infected or suspected to be infected or colonized with organisms that pose a significant risk to others. Some transmission-based precautions include contact, enteric, and droplet.
Contact Precautions:
Contact precautions are the measures taken to prevent the transmission of infectious agents, especially epidemiologically important microorganisms such as MRSA or influenza, primarily transmitted through direct or indirect contact with an...

Endocarditis IV: Nursing Management

Endocarditis IV: Nursing Management

Infective endocarditis (IE) is a chronic infection of the heart's endocardium, primarily affecting the heart valves. A detailed nursing assessment for a patient with IE involves collecting subjective and objective data to ensure an accurate diagnosis and timely intervention.Subjective DataThe nurse gathers information about the patient's symptoms and complaints during the subjective assessment. Patients with infective endocarditis often report non-specific symptoms that can mimic other...

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Updated: Mar 15, 2026

A Protocol to Characterize the Morphological Changes of Clostridium difficile in Response to Antibiotic Treatment

A Protocol to Characterize the Morphological Changes of Clostridium difficile in Response to Antibiotic Treatment

Published on: May 25, 2017

Risk Factors for Recurrent Clostridium difficile Infections and Strategies to Decrease Readmissions in a Community

Darrin Majors¹, Patrick Ellis¹

¹Pharmacy Department, Memorial Health Care System, Chattanooga, Tennessee. Corresponding author: Darrin Majors, PharmD, BCPS , 2525 deSales Avenue, Chattanooga, TN 37404; phone: 423-495-8380 ; fax: 423-495-6703;

Hospital Pharmacy

|September 14, 2016

Summary

Vancomycin-tapered regimens show promise in preventing recurrent Clostridium difficile infections (CDI) in high-risk patients. This approach may reduce hospital readmissions and offer a cost-effective solution for CDI recurrence.

Keywords:

hospital readmissions recurrent Clostridium difficile risk factors vancomycin taper

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Culturing and Maintaining Clostridium difficile in an Anaerobic Environment

Culturing and Maintaining Clostridium difficile in an Anaerobic Environment

Published on: September 14, 2013

Area of Science:

Infectious Diseases
Pharmacology
Clinical Medicine

Background:

No universally accepted strategies exist for preventing recurrent Clostridium difficile infections (CDI).
Identifying high-risk patients early can optimize treatment for recurrent CDI.
Vancomycin hydrochloride-tapered regimens are being investigated for recurrent CDI prevention.

Discussion:

A single-center prospective study evaluated oral vancomycin-tapered regimens for high-risk CDI patients.
The study aimed to decrease hospital readmissions and improve discharge coordination.
Pharmacy benefits evaluations were conducted to ensure medication affordability and access.

Key Insights:

The study observed a 6% recurrence rate in patients receiving vancomycin-tapered regimens, lower than the historical 8.2% rate.
37% of high-risk patients received a vancomycin-tapered regimen post-initial infection.
Pharmacy evaluations were performed on 61% of patients discharged on vancomycin.

Outlook:

Vancomycin-tapered regimens may offer a cost-effective strategy for preventing recurrent CDI.
Further research is needed to establish universally accepted approaches for CDI recurrence prevention.
Optimizing treatment based on individual risk factors is crucial for managing CDI.