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Single Extracellular Vesicle Transmembrane Protein Characterization by Nano-Flow Cytometry
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Biological reference materials for extracellular vesicle studies.

S Valkonen1, E van der Pol2, A Böing3

  • 1EV Group, Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Finland; Finnish Red Cross Blood Service, Helsinki, Finland.

European Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences : Official Journal of the European Federation for Pharmaceutical Sciences
|September 14, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Developing reliable reference materials (RM) is crucial for standardizing extracellular vesicle (EV) measurements. Nanoerythrosomes (NanoE) show promise as biological RM due to their EV-like properties, aiding in accurate EV quantification.

Keywords:
CharacterizationExtracellular vesiclesNanoerythrosomeQuantificationReference materialStandardization

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Area of Science:

  • Biotechnology
  • Nanotechnology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are key mediators of intercellular communication in physiological and pathological processes.
  • Standardization of EV research methods and development of reference materials (RM) are critical for reliable basic science and clinical applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify and develop a suitable biological RM for extracellular vesicle (EV) studies.
  • To address the recognized need for RM optimized for calibrating EV measurements.

Main Methods:

  • A three-step approach including literature search, researcher surveys, and development/characterization of a biological RM.
  • Evaluation of nanoerythrosomes (NanoE) as potential biological RM for EVs, comparing their properties to erythrocyte-derived EVs (eryEVs).

Main Results:

  • Survey responses confirmed a significant need for EV measurement calibration RM.
  • Existing RM candidates like virus particles and liposomes lack EV-like properties (size, refractive index).
  • NanoE exhibit similar morphology and refractive index to EVs, with larger diameters and increased CD235a and lipid staining compared to eryEVs.

Conclusions:

  • Nanoerythrosomes (NanoE) present a promising biological reference material for extracellular vesicle (EV) studies.
  • There is a general need for developing and validating new RM with physical and biochemical properties similar to EVs.
  • Standardized EV measurements require validated RM to ensure consistency across different instruments and laboratories.