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Biological risk factors for suicidal behaviors: a meta-analysis
B P Chang1, J C Franklin2,3, J D Ribeiro2,3
1Department of Emergency Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
Translational Psychiatry
|September 14, 2016
Summary
Biological factors show weak prediction for suicidal behaviors. After accounting for publication bias, only cytokines and low fish oil nutrient levels remained significant predictors. Future research needs to address study limitations.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Psychiatry
- Genetics
Background:
- Previous research suggests numerous biological risk factors for suicidal behaviors.
- However, the predictive validity of these biological correlates remains uncertain.
Purpose of the Study:
- To conduct a meta-analysis integrating existing literature on biological risk factors for suicidal behaviors.
- To statistically determine the significance of these biological factors in predicting suicidal behaviors.
Main Methods:
- Systematic search of PubMed, PsycInfo, and Google Scholar for longitudinal studies.
- Inclusion of studies predicting suicide attempt or death by suicide using biological factors up to 2015.
- Random effects models for meta-analyses and meta-regression, accounting for publication bias.
Main Results:
- Combined biological factors showed statistically significant but weak prediction for suicide attempts (wOR=1.41) and suicide death (wOR=1.28).
- After adjusting for publication bias, overall prediction became non-significant.
- Cytokines (wOR=2.87) and low fish oil nutrients (wOR=1.09) were significant predictors post-bias adjustment.
Conclusions:
- Currently identified biological factors are weak predictors of future suicidal behaviors.
- Existing literature has limitations, including long follow-up periods and lack of interaction analyses.
- Future studies should address these limitations to better evaluate biological risk factors.
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