Immunotherapy in head and neck cancer: Harnessing profit on a system disruption

Chloé Rancoule1, Alexis Vallard1, Sophie Espenel1

  • 1Radiotherapy Department, Lucien Neuwirth Cancer Institute, St Priest en Jarez, France.

Oral Oncology
|September 14, 2016
PubMed

Insights

Immunotherapies show promise for treating head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (SCCHN) by targeting immune system evasion. Clinical trials are exploring novel immune-based therapies and combinations for improved patient outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Immune system deregulation and evasion are critical in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (SCCHN) progression.
  • Targeting these immune mechanisms offers a novel therapeutic strategy for SCCHN.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current immunotherapy strategies under clinical investigation for SCCHN.
  • To highlight the potential of immune-based therapies in improving patient outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Review of clinical trials investigating immunotherapies for SCCHN.
  • Analysis of emerging immune checkpoint inhibitors and combination therapies.

Main Results:

  • Immunotherapies, including monoclonal antibodies and immune checkpoint openers, are showing encouraging early results.
  • Combination strategies with chemotherapy and radiotherapy may offer synergistic benefits.

Conclusions:

  • Immunotherapy represents a promising avenue for SCCHN treatment, with ongoing trials poised to define future standards of care.
  • Further research and clinical trials are essential to optimize immunotherapy efficacy in SCCHN.

Related Concept Videos

Tumor Immunotherapy01:27

Tumor Immunotherapy

Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
2.1K
Cancer Vaccines01:30

Cancer Vaccines

Cancer treatment vaccines are a rapidly evolving field that offers a promising approach to immunotherapy. Unlike traditional vaccines that prevent diseases, cancer treatment vaccines are designed to treat existing cancers by stimulating the immune system to recognize and attack cancer cells.
Cancer vaccines come in two categories: preventive (prophylactic) and treatment (active). Preventive vaccines, such as the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine, protect against viruses that cause certain...
1.2K
Cancer Therapies02:49

Cancer Therapies

Cancer therapies are various modes of treatment, such as surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy that are administered to cancer patients.
However, cancer treatments can pose several challenges, as therapies used to kill cancer cells are generally also toxic to normal cells. Moreover, cancer cells mutate rapidly and can develop resistance to chemical agents or radiation therapy. Besides, all types of cancer cells may not respond to the same therapy. Some cancer cells respond to one...
10.6K
Targeted Cancer Therapies02:57

Targeted Cancer Therapies

The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against...
9.1K
Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine02:50

Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine

Combining two or more treatment methods increases the life span of cancer patients while reducing damage to vital organs or tissue from the overuse of a single treatment. Combination therapy also targets different cancer-inducing pathways, thus reducing the chances of developing resistance to treatment.
The combination of the drug acetazolamide and sulforaphane is a good example of combination therapy to treat cancer. The cells in the interior of a large tumor often die due to the hypoxic and...
6.3K
Treatment Resistant Cancers02:56

Treatment Resistant Cancers

Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the United States. A cancer cell is genetically unstable and hence can mutate faster. They can also modify their microenvironment and escape immune surveillance. The difficulties in treating cancer are further compounded by the emergence of rapid resistance to anticancer drugs. The most common ways to attain resistance in cancer cells include alteration in drug transport and metabolism, modification of drug target, elevated DNA damage response, or...
3.9K