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Morphologic and Functional Heart Abnormalities Associated to High Modified Tei Index in Hypertensive Patients
G Tissera1, Daniel Piskorz2,3, L Citta4
1Centenario National Hospital, Urquiza 3000, 2000, Rosario, Argentina.
Summary
Left ventricular dysfunction is common in hypertensive patients, even without left ventricular hypertrophy. The modified Tei index effectively detects these abnormalities in patients with preserved ejection fraction.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Hypertension Research
- Echocardiography
Background:
- Left ventricular (LV) dysfunction is an early complication of hypertension, preceding structural changes like LV remodeling.
- Hypertensive heart disease affects systolic and diastolic functions, impacting overall cardiac health.
- Preserved ejection fraction (pEF) in hypertensive patients can still mask underlying LV dysfunction.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the prevalence of cardiac abnormalities in untreated hypertensive patients with pEF.
- To assess the utility of the modified Tei index in identifying LV dysfunction in this population.
- To correlate Tei index abnormalities with the presence or absence of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH).
Main Methods:
- A case-control study comparing three groups: hypertensive patients without LVH, hypertensive patients with LVH, and non-hypertensive controls.
- Echocardiography and tissue Doppler imaging were used to assess LV systolic and diastolic functions.
- The modified Tei index was measured at LV lateral and septal walls; an index >0.40 indicated abnormality.
Main Results:
- The study included 14 controls, 88 hypertensive patients without LVH, and 19 hypertensive patients with LVH.
- Abnormal Tei index values were found in 72.7% of hypertensive patients without LVH and 78.9% with LVH, compared to 14.3% in controls (p < 0.0009).
- The mean Tei index was significantly higher in hypertensive groups (0.42) than in controls (0.35, p < 0.025).
Conclusions:
- Left ventricular dysfunction is prevalent in hypertensive patients, irrespective of LVH.
- The modified Tei index, assessed via tissue Doppler, is a valuable diagnostic tool for detecting LV dysfunction in hypertensive patients with pEF.
- Early detection of LV dysfunction using the Tei index can aid in timely intervention and management of hypertensive heart disease.
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