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Effectiveness of Prenatal Tetanus, Diphtheria, and Acellular Pertussis Vaccination on Pertussis Severity in Infants

Kathleen Winter1,2, James D Cherry3, Kathleen Harriman1

  • 1California Department of Public Health, Immunization Branch, Richmond.

Clinical Infectious Diseases : an Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America
|September 15, 2016
PubMed

Insights

Maternal tetanus, diphtheria, and acellular pertussis (Tdap) vaccination during pregnancy significantly reduces pertussis severity in infants, lowering hospitalization and intensive care unit admission risks.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Pediatrics
  • Public Health

Background:

  • US guidelines recommend maternal tetanus, diphtheria, and acellular pertussis (Tdap) vaccination during pregnancy.
  • The impact of prenatal Tdap on infant pertussis severity is not well-established.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate if maternal Tdap vaccination during pregnancy reduces pertussis severity in infants.
  • To compare hospitalization and ICU admission risks for infants born to vaccinated versus unvaccinated mothers.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective cohort study design.
  • Analysis of pertussis-infected infants born between 2011-2015.
  • Comparison of outcomes between infants whose mothers received prenatal Tdap and those who did not.

Main Results:

  • Infants born to Tdap-vaccinated mothers had significantly lower hospitalization rates and shorter hospital stays.
  • Maternal Tdap vaccine effectiveness for preventing infant hospitalization was 58% (adjusted).
  • No infants born to vaccinated mothers required intubation or died from pertussis.

Conclusions:

  • Prenatal Tdap vaccination significantly reduces pertussis-related morbidity in infants.
  • Maternal Tdap vaccination is a critical strategy to decrease infant pertussis hospitalizations and ICU admissions.
Abstract

Keywords:
PertussisTdapVEprenatalvaccination

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