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Related Concept Videos

Respiratory System Abnormal Finding I: Inspection and Percussion01:30

Respiratory System Abnormal Finding I: Inspection and Percussion

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Respiratory system abnormalities are a significant concern in healthcare due to their potential to indicate underlying severe conditions like Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), asthma, and pneumonia. These abnormalities can often be detected through physical examination methods like inspection and percussion.
Inspection Findings
During an inspection, several findings may suggest the presence of respiratory distress or disease. Pursed-lip breathing, where exhalation is slowed by...
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Pneumothorax-II01:27

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Pneumothorax is a medical condition defined by the buildup of air in the pleural space between the lungs and the chest wall. This accumulation of air can lead to partial or complete lung collapse, resulting in a range of clinical manifestations. Understanding the clinical presentation and effective management strategies is crucial for healthcare professionals in providing timely and appropriate care to individuals with pneumothorax.
Clinical Manifestations:
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Respiratory System Abnormal Finding II: Palpation and Auscultation01:31

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In assessing respiratory abnormalities, palpation and auscultation are critical tools for detecting and interpreting various pathophysiological changes. These techniques provide insight into underlying disorders by evaluating tactile sensations and sounds produced by the respiratory system.
Palpation Findings
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Muscles of the Thorax01:25

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The thorax muscles are central to the body's respiration and provide essential support and movement for the upper body. They are intricately designed to facilitate the complex breathing process while also contributing to the structural integrity and mobility of the chest and upper limbs.
The diaphragm is at the core of thoracic musculature, the primary muscle involved in breathing. This expansive, dome-shaped muscle marks the division between the thoracic and abdominal cavities. It...
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Pulmonary Cycle: Exhalation01:17

Pulmonary Cycle: Exhalation

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In terms of human respiration, the act of expelling air, known as exhalation (or expiration), operates on the principle of pressure gradients. During expiration, the pressure within the lungs exceeds that of the surrounding atmosphere. Under normal conditions, quiet breathing involves passive exhalation and is free of muscular contractions. This is because the exhalation process is driven by the natural elastic recoil of the lungs and chest wall, both of which have an inherent tendency to...
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Cardiovascular System Abnormal Findings II: Auscultation01:25

Cardiovascular System Abnormal Findings II: Auscultation

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Auscultation, an essential part of a heart examination, is done using a stethoscope. It provides crucial information about heart function and possible heart problems. Due to heart problems, abnormal sounds can be heard during systole or diastole. These sounds include S3 and S4 gallops, opening snaps, systolic clicks, and murmurs.
Abnormal Heart Sounds
Gallops:
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 15, 2026

Diaphragmatic Ultrasound in Adults: Image Acquisition and Interpretation
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Diaphragmatic Ultrasound in Adults: Image Acquisition and Interpretation

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Dual diaphragmatic anomalies.

Arjun Padmanabhan1, Abin Varghese Thomas1

  • 1Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kerala Institute of Medical Sciences, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India.

Lung India : Official Organ of Indian Chest Society
|September 15, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Multiple diaphragmatic anomalies, like right hemidiaphragm eventration and hiatus hernia, are rare in adults. This case report highlights the incidental discovery of both conditions in a 75-year-old female during routine imaging.

Keywords:
Dual diaphragmatic anomalieseventrationhiatus hernia

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Imaging
  • Thoracic Surgery
  • Gastroenterology

Background:

  • Diaphragmatic anomalies, including eventration and hiatus hernia, are frequently identified during incidental chest X-ray examinations.
  • The co-occurrence of multiple diaphragmatic anomalies is exceptionally uncommon, particularly in adult patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report a rare case of concomitant diaphragmatic anomalies.
  • To emphasize the importance of recognizing multiple anomalies in adult patients.

Main Methods:

  • Case report presentation.
  • Review of incidental findings on chest X-ray imaging.

Main Results:

  • A 75-year-old female patient was incidentally found to have both eventration of the right hemidiaphragm and a hiatus hernia.
  • The findings were identified during a routine chest X-ray.

Conclusions:

  • Concomitant diaphragmatic anomalies are rare but can be incidentally discovered.
  • Awareness of multiple anomalies is crucial for accurate diagnosis and management in adult patients.