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Preventive healthcare services keep people healthy via frequent check-ups, screening, and counseling. They primarily aid in disease prevention rather than treating an acute or chronic illness. Preventive treatment also keeps individuals productive and energetic, allowing them to work well into their retirement years. Examples of preventive care services include:
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Measuring Frailty in HIV-infected Individuals. Identification of Frail Patients is the First Step to Amelioration and Reversal of Frailty
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Using prefrailty to detect early disability.

Miguel A Acosta-Benito1, Ignacio Sevilla-Machuca1

  • 1Los Alpes Primary Care Center, Madrid´s Public Health Service, Madrid, Spain.

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|September 15, 2016
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Summary

Frailty syndrome is detectable and linked to functional disability onset. Identifying prefrailty in older adults allows for interventions to delay physical decline and improve health outcomes.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Primary Care Medicine
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Aging populations require strategies to identify individuals at risk of adverse health outcomes.
  • Frailty syndrome is associated with negative health events and increased risk.
  • Early identification of frailty can enable interventions to delay physical and functional decline.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the relationship between the onset of frailty syndrome and the beginning of functional disability.
  • To investigate the prevalence of frailty and prefrailty in an elderly primary care population.

Main Methods:

  • Cross-sectional observational study with consecutive sampling of 146 patients aged 70 and older.
  • Frailty assessment using the Fatigue, Resistance, Ambulation, Illnesses, and Loss of weight (FRAIL) scale.
  • Evaluation of Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL) dependency, comorbidity, and social risk factors.

Main Results:

  • Prevalence of frailty was 17.8% and prefrailty was 39%.
  • Frailty and prefrailty were associated with older age, higher disability levels, and gastrointestinal disease.
  • Prefrail individuals showed initial dependency, while non-frail individuals were mostly independent.

Conclusions:

  • Frailty syndrome is easily detectable, with prefrailty indicating the onset of functional disability.
  • Screening for frailty syndrome identifies at-risk individuals for timely interventions.
  • Interventions targeting frailty and comorbidity control may delay functional disability in older adults. Screening may be effective between ages 75-81.