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Survival trees are a non-parametric method used in survival analysis to model the relationship between a set of covariates and the time until an event of interest occurs, often referred to as the "time-to-event" or "survival time." This method is particularly useful when dealing with censored data, where the event has not occurred for some individuals by the end of the study period, or when the exact time of the event is unknown.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 15, 2026

A Technique to Screen American Beech for Resistance to the Beech Scale Insect Cryptococcus fagisuga Lind.
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Fighting Sharka in Peach: Current Limitations and Future Perspectives.

Marco Cirilli1, Filippo Geuna1, Anna R Babini2

  • 1Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences (DISAA), University of Milan Milan, Italy.

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|September 15, 2016
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Summary

Sharka disease, caused by Plum Pox Virus (PPV), threatens stone fruit crops. Developing resistant peach varieties using genetic engineering, like RNA interference (RNAi), offers a promising solution for durable PPV resistance.

Keywords:
PPV virusPrunus persica (L.) BatschRNAifruit breedinggenetic engineering

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Area of Science:

  • Plant Pathology
  • Agricultural Science
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Sharka, caused by Plum Pox Virus (PPV), is a major threat to peach and other Prunus species.
  • The virus's spread in Europe significantly impacts the economic sustainability of stone fruit production.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore effective strategies for containing Plum Pox Virus (PPV) in stone fruit crops.
  • To investigate the potential of genetic engineering, specifically RNA interference (RNAi), for developing durable PPV resistance in peach.

Main Methods:

  • Reviewing current diagnostic tests, monitoring schemes, and modeling for PPV spread.
  • Evaluating resistance sources in peach and almond germplasm.
  • Proposing RNA interference (RNAi)-based genetic engineering, including rootstock transformation, as a strategy for PPV resistance.

Main Results:

  • Existing regulations and practices need enhancement for effective PPV containment.
  • Novel sources of PPV resistance have been identified, primarily in almond germplasm.
  • RNA interference (RNAi) via rootstock transformation presents a viable strategy to confer systemic PPV resistance in peach, bypassing challenges with commercial cultivar transformation and consumer acceptance.

Conclusions:

  • Effective containment of Sharka disease requires updated regulations, improved diagnostics, and monitoring.
  • Genetic engineering, particularly RNA interference (RNAi) targeting Plum Pox Virus (PPV), offers a promising avenue for durable resistance in peach.
  • Rootstock transformation is a strategic approach to achieve systemic PPV resistance, potentially overcoming limitations of direct cultivar modification.