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Macrophages as target cells for Mayaro virus infection: involvement of reactive oxygen species in the inflammatory

Mariana G Cavalheiro1, Leandro Silva DA Costa1, Holmes S Campos1

  • 1Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho, 373, Bloco E, Sala 18, 21941-902 Rio de Janeiro, RJ Brasil.

Anais Da Academia Brasileira De Ciencias
|September 15, 2016
PubMed

Insights

Mayaro virus (MAYV) infects macrophages, causing cell death and triggering inflammation through reactive oxygen species (ROS) and TNF. This study reveals key mechanisms in MAYV-induced arthritis pathogenesis.

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Immunology
  • Pathogenesis

Background:

  • Alphaviruses cause global public health issues, with Old World types inducing arthritis and New World types causing encephalitis.
  • Mayaro virus (MAYV), found in South America, is phylogenetically linked to Old World alphaviruses but causes arthralgia, presenting a unique case.
  • The molecular and cellular basis of MAYV-induced arthritis remains poorly understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the cellular targets of Mayaro virus (MAYV) infection.
  • To elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying MAYV-induced arthritis pathogenesis.
  • To explore the role of macrophages and inflammatory mediators in MAYV infection.

Main Methods:

  • Investigated macrophage susceptibility to MAYV infection.
  • Assessed MAYV-induced apoptosis in macrophages.
  • Measured TNF cytokine expression following MAYV infection.
  • Quantified reactive oxygen species (ROS) production during MAYV infection.
  • Evaluated the effect of antioxidant treatment on TNF secretion.

Main Results:

  • Macrophages were identified as target cells for MAYV, leading to apoptosis.
  • MAYV replication induced TNF expression in macrophages, contributing to an inflammatory profile.
  • Increased ROS production was observed early in infection, preceding TNF secretion.
  • Antioxidant treatment post-infection significantly inhibited TNF secretion, implicating ROS in MAYV-induced inflammation.

Conclusions:

  • Macrophages are crucial cellular players in Mayaro virus pathogenesis.
  • Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a significant role in mediating inflammation during MAYV infection.
  • Understanding MAYV's interaction with macrophages and ROS provides insights into arthritis development and potential therapeutic targets.

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