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Measurement of Heme Synthesis Levels in Mammalian Cells
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Can hemozoin alone cause host anaemia?

Jun Sun1, Su-Wen Wang2, Chang-Long Jin2

  • 1Tongji University School of Medicine, Siping Rd. No.1239, Shanghai, 200092, People's Republic of China. swksj@tongji.edu.cn.

Parasitology Research
|September 16, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Injecting beta-hematin, a component produced by schistosomes and malaria parasites, into mice caused anemia. This suggests beta-hematin alone may induce anemia through increased spleen activity.

Keywords:
AnaemiaHemozoinHypersplenismMalaria parasitesSchistosomesβ-haematin

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Area of Science:

  • Parasitology
  • Hematology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Schistosomes and malaria parasites produce hemozoin, a byproduct linked to host anemia.
  • The direct causal role of hemozoin in anemia, independent of infection, remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether beta-hematin, a form of hemozoin, can independently cause anemia in a host.
  • To elucidate the hematological and pathological effects of beta-hematin exposure.

Main Methods:

  • Normal mice received intravenous injections of beta-hematin.
  • Hematological parameters (red blood cells, white blood cells, hemoglobin) were analyzed.
  • Liver and spleen tissues were examined for beta-hematin deposition, splenomegaly, and macrophage activity; bone marrow was assessed for hyperplasia.

Main Results:

  • Significant deposition of beta-hematin observed in liver and spleen tissues.
  • Splenomegaly and mild bone marrow hyperplasia were detected.
  • Significant decreases in red blood cells, white blood cells, and hemoglobin levels were recorded, alongside increased splenic macrophages, indicating hypersplenism.

Conclusions:

  • Beta-hematin injections alone can induce anemia in mice.
  • Hypersplenism, driven by increased macrophage activity in the spleen, is a likely mechanism for beta-hematin-induced anemia.