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The DNA Helix

The DNA Helix

Deoxyribonucleic acid, or DNA, is the genetic material responsible for passing traits from generation to generation in all organisms and most viruses. DNA is composed of two strands of nucleotides that wind around each other to form a spring-like structure called a double helix. However, the double helix is not perfectly symmetrical. Instead, there are regularly occurring grooves in the structure. The major groove occurs where the sugar-phosphate backbones are relatively far apart. This space...

The DNA Helix

The DNA Helix

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DNA as a Genetic Template

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Two structural features of the DNA molecule provide a basis for the mechanisms of heredity: the four nucleotide bases and its double-stranded nature. The Watson-Crick model of double-helical DNA structure, proposed in 1952, drew heavily upon the X-ray crystallography work of researchers Rosalind Franklin and Maurice Wilkins. Watson, Crick, and Wilkins jointly received the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for their work in 1962. Franklin was, controversially, excluded from the prize for...

DNA Packaging

DNA Packaging

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Updated: Mar 15, 2026

Designing a Bio-responsive Robot from DNA Origami

Designing a Bio-responsive Robot from DNA Origami

Published on: July 8, 2013

3D Framework DNA Origami with Layered Crossovers.

Fan Hong¹, Shuoxing Jiang¹, Tong Wang²

¹School of Molecular Science and Biodesign Center for Molecular Design and Biomimetics, The Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, 85287, USA.

Angewandte Chemie (International Ed. in English)

|September 16, 2016

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed layered crossovers (LX) to build complex, multi-layered DNA nanostructures. This DNA origami advance enables precise control over 3D frameworks for nanodevices.

Keywords:

DNA nanotechnology DNA origami structures framework structures molecular programming self-assembly

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Last Updated: Mar 15, 2026

Designing a Bio-responsive Robot from DNA Origami

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Published on: July 8, 2013

Design and Synthesis of a Reconfigurable DNA Accordion Rack

Design and Synthesis of a Reconfigurable DNA Accordion Rack

Published on: August 15, 2018

DNA Origami-Mediated Substrate Nanopatterning of Inorganic Structures for Sensing Applications

DNA Origami-Mediated Substrate Nanopatterning of Inorganic Structures for Sensing Applications

Published on: September 27, 2019

Area of Science:

Nanotechnology and Molecular Engineering
DNA Nanostructures and Origami

Background:

Scaffolded DNA origami enables precise design and construction of DNA nanostructures.
Existing methods have limitations in creating complex, multi-layered 3D frameworks.

Purpose of the Study:

To introduce a novel design strategy for engineering multilayered wireframe DNA structures.
To enable programmable control over interlayer geometry and DNA helix orientation in 3D nanostructures.

Main Methods:

Development of layered crossovers (LX) to connect neighboring DNA double helix layers.
Scaffold or helper strands traverse multiple layers, controlling relative helix orientation.
Utilized LX strategy to construct various multi-layered parallelogram, triangular, and square lattice structures.

Main Results:

Successfully engineered two-layer parallelogram structures with defined interlayer angles.
Constructed a three-layer structure featuring controlled triangular cavities.
Fabricated 9- and 15-layer square lattices, demonstrating scalability of the LX strategy.

Conclusions:

The layered crossover (LX) strategy provides a general route for engineering 3D DNA nanostructures.
This method allows for precise control over cavities and facilitates the design of host-guest networks.
Offers opportunities for creating DNA-based analogs to metal-organic frameworks for advanced applications.