Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Phase Transitions: Sublimation and Deposition02:33

Phase Transitions: Sublimation and Deposition

20.7K
Some solids can transition directly into the gaseous state, bypassing the liquid state, via a process known as sublimation. At room temperature and standard pressure, a piece of dry ice (solid CO2) sublimes, appearing to gradually disappear without ever forming any liquid. Snow and ice sublimate at temperatures below the melting point of water, a slow process that may be accelerated by winds and the reduced atmospheric pressures at high altitudes. When solid iodine is warmed, the solid sublimes...
20.7K
Volatilization01:10

Volatilization

6.3K
Volatilization gravimetry is an analytical technique that measures the mass lost due to the volatilization of the substance. This technique is used to estimate the amount of volatile material in a sample. To perform this method, heat a known amount of the sample to a high temperature in a crucible or other suitable vessel. The volatile substance in the sample evaporates, and the vapor is completely expelled from the crucible either by heating the sample or bubbling a stream of inert gas through...
6.3K
Precipitation Gravimetry01:03

Precipitation Gravimetry

15.9K
Precipitation gravimetry is based on converting an analyte into a sparingly soluble precipitate, which is separated by filtration and weighed. An ideal precipitate should be pure, insoluble, of known composition, and easily filtered from the reaction mixture.
In determining nickel by gravimetric analysis, a precipitant of ethanolic dimethylglyoxime is added to a hot nickel salt solution. This is quickly followed by the dropwise addition of dilute ammonia solution until precipitation occurs. A...
15.9K
Precipitation Processes01:12

Precipitation Processes

6.5K
The experimental conditions in a gravimetric analysis should be optimized to maximize the particle size and purity of the obtained precipitate. Ideally, the concentration of the precipitating reagent should be low with effective stirring to maintain low relative supersaturation for the growth of large crystals. In homogeneous precipitation, the precipitant is slowly generated by a chemical reaction in the solution to avoid local reagent excesses. For example, urea decomposes gradually to...
6.5K
Plotting of Topographic Maps01:29

Plotting of Topographic Maps

681
Topographic maps represent the Earth's surface features using contour lines, which connect points of equal elevation to create a two-dimensional representation of three-dimensional terrain. Creating a topographic map requires a systematic approach.Begin by plotting a scaled grid and marking intersections corresponding to the survey's elevation data points. Assign elevation values at these intersections to build the base map. Next, determine contour levels using a consistent contour interval,...
681
Phase Transitions: Vaporization and Condensation02:39

Phase Transitions: Vaporization and Condensation

21.9K
The physical form of a substance changes on changing its temperature. For example, raising the temperature of a liquid causes the liquid to vaporize (convert into vapor). The process is called vaporization—a surface phenomenon. Vaporization occurs when the thermal motion of the molecules overcome the intermolecular forces, and the molecules (at the surface) escape into the gaseous state. When a liquid vaporizes in a closed container, gas molecules cannot escape. As these gas phase molecules...
21.9K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Detection of triboelectric discharges during dust events on Mars.

Nature·2025
Same author

Detection of visible-wavelength aurora on Mars.

Science advances·2025
Same author

How obliquity has differently shaped Pluto's and Triton's landscapes and climates.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2024
Same author

Present-day thermal and water activity environment of the Mars Sample Return collection.

Scientific reports·2024
Same author

An acoustic investigation of the near-surface turbulence on Mars.

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America·2024
Same author

Geological, multispectral, and meteorological imaging results from the Mars 2020 Perseverance rover in Jezero crater.

Science advances·2022

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 15, 2026

Scattering And Absorption of Light in Planetary Regoliths
11:34

Scattering And Absorption of Light in Planetary Regoliths

Published on: July 1, 2019

11.1K

Observed glacier and volatile distribution on Pluto from atmosphere-topography processes.

Tanguy Bertrand1, François Forget1

  • 1Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique, IPSL, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Paris 06, CNRS, BP99, 4 place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France.

Nature
|September 16, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Pluto

Area of Science:

  • Planetary Science
  • Atmospheric Science
  • Geology

Background:

  • Pluto exhibits diverse surface frosts and landforms, including the nitrogen (N2) rich Sputnik Planitia glacier.
  • Volatile ices like methane and nitrogen frost are observed across Pluto's latitudes, with varying distributions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To simulate the long-term evolution of nitrogen, methane, and carbon monoxide on Pluto.
  • To investigate the origin of the Sputnik Planitia glacier and explain observed volatile ice distributions.

Main Methods:

  • Numerical simulations of volatile evolution over thousands of years.
  • Modeling atmospheric-topographic interactions and seasonal frost cycles.

Main Results:

More Related Videos

Experimental Methods of Dust Charging and Mobilization on Surfaces with Exposure to Ultraviolet Radiation or Plasmas
07:54

Experimental Methods of Dust Charging and Mobilization on Surfaces with Exposure to Ultraviolet Radiation or Plasmas

Published on: April 3, 2018

8.8K
Exploring the Effects of Atmospheric Forcings on Evaporation: Experimental Integration of the Atmospheric Boundary Layer and Shallow Subsurface
13:27

Exploring the Effects of Atmospheric Forcings on Evaporation: Experimental Integration of the Atmospheric Boundary Layer and Shallow Subsurface

Published on: June 8, 2015

9.3K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 15, 2026

Scattering And Absorption of Light in Planetary Regoliths
11:34

Scattering And Absorption of Light in Planetary Regoliths

Published on: July 1, 2019

11.1K
Experimental Methods of Dust Charging and Mobilization on Surfaces with Exposure to Ultraviolet Radiation or Plasmas
07:54

Experimental Methods of Dust Charging and Mobilization on Surfaces with Exposure to Ultraviolet Radiation or Plasmas

Published on: April 3, 2018

8.8K
Exploring the Effects of Atmospheric Forcings on Evaporation: Experimental Integration of the Atmospheric Boundary Layer and Shallow Subsurface
13:27

Exploring the Effects of Atmospheric Forcings on Evaporation: Experimental Integration of the Atmospheric Boundary Layer and Shallow Subsurface

Published on: June 8, 2015

9.3K
  • Simulations predict N2 ice accumulation in Sputnik Planitia basin, consistent with atmospheric pressure increases.
  • Models reproduce observed volatile quantities and seasonal frost coverage at mid- and high latitudes.
  • Seasonal frosts are predicted to largely disappear within the next decade.

    • Conclusions:

    • Atmospheric-topographic processes are the likely origin of Pluto's Sputnik Planitia nitrogen glacier.
    • Simulations support seasonal volatile frost cycles explaining observed ice patterns and polar caps.
    • Pluto's surface frosts exhibit dynamic seasonal changes.