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Related Concept Videos

Proteomics01:33

Proteomics

10.1K
A proteome is the entire set of proteins that a cell type produces. We can study proteomes using the knowledge of genomes because genes code for mRNAs, and the mRNAs encode proteins. Although mRNA analysis is a step in the right direction, not all mRNAs are translated into proteins.
Proteomics is the study of proteomes' function. It involves the large-scale systematic study of the proteome to denote the protein complement expressed by a genome. Scientist Mark Wilkins coined the term...
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Tandem Mass Spectrometry01:21

Tandem Mass Spectrometry

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Tandem mass spectrometry is a technique that uses multiple mass analyzers in series to obtain a higher selectivity and reduce chemical noise during analyte detection. Instruments with multiple analyzers separated by an interaction cell enable secondary fragmentation and selected study of the fragment ions.Secondary fragmentations occur in the interaction cell and can be induced by various factors. Fragmentation induced by collision with inert gases, such as N2, Ar, He, etc., is called...
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Peptide Identification Using Tandem Mass Spectrometry01:33

Peptide Identification Using Tandem Mass Spectrometry

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Tandem mass spectrometry, also known as MS/MS or MS2, is an analytical technique that employs two mass analyzers. Essentially it is a series of mass spectrometers that helps isolate a particular biomolecule and then helps study its chemical properties.
This technique helps gather information regarding the protein from which the peptide was obtained and to study the peptides’ amino acid sequence. Identifying peptides from a complex mixture is an important component of the growing field of...
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Mass Spectrometry: Overview01:19

Mass Spectrometry: Overview

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Mass spectrometry is an analytical technique used to determine the molecular mass and molecular formula of a compound. The basic principle of mass spectrometry is to generate ions from the analyte molecule and measure these ion abundances against their molecular mass. One common type of ionization, known as electron ionization or EI, bombards the analyte molecules in the gas phase with high-energy electron beams. The electron beams displace an electron from the molecule and leave behind a...
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MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry01:19

MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry

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Mass spectrometry is a powerful characterization technique that can identify and separate a wide variety of compounds ranging from chemical to biological entities, based on their mass-to-charge ratio (m/z). The instruments that allow this detection, known as mass spectrometers, have three components: an ion source, a mass analyzer, and a detector. These spectrometers differ based on the nature of their ion source and analyzers.Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI) is a commonly...
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Mass Spectrum: Interpretation01:24

Mass Spectrum: Interpretation

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An unknown compound can be established by identifying the molecular ion peak in the mass spectrum. The molecular ion peak is often weak or absent due to the predominance of fragmentation in high-energy electron beams. In such cases, a soft-energy electron beam can be used to scan the spectrum to enhance the intensity of the molecular ion peak. Additionally, chemical ionization, field ionization, and desorption ionization spectra are used to obtain a relatively intense molecular ion peak.To...
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Navigating the Mass Spectrometry-Based Proteomic Data Using Free Computational Tools
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Mass-spectrometric exploration of proteome structure and function.

Ruedi Aebersold1,2, Matthias Mann3,4

  • 1Institute of Molecular Systems Biology, Department of Biology, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland.

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|September 16, 2016
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Understanding cellular protein networks is key. New mass spectrometry methods reveal the proteome

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Area of Science:

  • Proteomics and systems biology.
  • Cellular biology and molecular mechanisms.

Background:

  • Living cells utilize numerous coordinated biological processes.
  • Proteins, organized into networks, perform essential synthetic, catalytic, and regulatory functions.
  • Traditional biochemical and biophysical methods have limitations in studying the proteome as an integrated system.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the properties and behavior of the proteome as a whole system.
  • To leverage advanced technologies for a deeper understanding of cellular protein networks.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing powerful mass spectrometry-based technologies.
  • Applying advanced proteomic techniques to analyze protein composition, structure, and function.

Main Results:

  • Gaining unprecedented insights into the proteome's composition and structure.
  • Revealing the intricate functions and regulatory mechanisms within cellular protein networks.
  • Demonstrating the capability of mass spectrometry to elucidate complex biological processes.

Conclusions:

  • Mass spectrometry significantly enhances our ability to study the proteome.
  • This approach provides crucial insights into complex biological processes and cellular phenotypes.
  • Advanced proteomic analysis is essential for understanding the integrated behavior of cellular proteins.