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Author Spotlight: Deciphering the Long-Term Effects of Low-Level Blast Exposures in Mice
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Compromised Neurocircuitry in Chronic Blast-Related Mild Traumatic Brain Injury.

Ping-Hong Yeh1,2, Cheng Guan Koay2, Binquan Wang1

  • 1Henry Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Rockledge, Maryland.

Human Brain Mapping
|September 16, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Chronic blast-induced mild traumatic brain injury (bmTBI) shows white matter microstructural injury in frontal tracts, linked to persistent symptoms. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) revealed these changes, not seen in controls.

Keywords:
blast injurycognitionconcussiondiffusion tensor imagingmild traumatic brain injuryneurocircuitrypost-traumatic stress disordertractography

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroimaging
  • Traumatic Brain Injury Research
  • Diffusion Tensor Imaging

Background:

  • Blast-induced mild traumatic brain injury (bmTBI) can lead to persistent post-concussion symptoms.
  • Understanding the microstructural white matter changes in chronic bmTBI is crucial for diagnosis and treatment.
  • Advanced diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) techniques offer potential for detailed analysis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To apply novel automated fiber segmentation and quantification methods using DTI to assess diffusion changes in chronic bmTBI.
  • To investigate local and global diffusion changes in relation to post-concussion and PTSD symptoms.
  • To compare DTI metrics between service members with chronic bmTBI and military controls.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) with deterministic and probabilistic tractography.
  • Employed automated fiber segmentation and quantification, including tract profile analysis and tract specific analysis.
  • Recruited 202 male US service members with chronic bmTBI symptoms and 40 male military controls.

Main Results:

  • Voxel-wise analysis showed no significant group differences in DTI metrics.
  • Tract profile and tract specific analyses revealed prominent white matter microstructural injury in frontal tracts (cingulum bundle, uncinate fasciculus, superior longitudinal fasciculus, anterior thalamic radiation) in bmTBI patients.
  • Fractional anisotropy (FA) was sensitive to the number of previous blast exposures and associated with post-concussion and PTSD symptoms.

Conclusions:

  • Automated DTI analysis, particularly tract profile analysis, is effective in detecting white matter microstructural injury in chronic bmTBI, especially in frontal pathways.
  • These microstructural changes are linked to persistent post-concussion and PTSD symptoms.
  • Findings highlight the utility of advanced DTI methods for characterizing neurobiological consequences of bmTBI.