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Concised Form for Lower Urinary Tract Dysfunction Symptom Scale in Children
Turgay Ebiloglu1, Engin Kaya2, Burak Kopru3
1Specialist, Deparment of Urology, Etimesgut Military Hospital , Ankara, Turkey .
Insights
A simplified Lower Urinary Tract Dysfunction Symptom Scale (LUTDSS) using four key questions can effectively diagnose and monitor pediatric LUTD. This approach aids in identifying children with daytime incontinence, enuresis, hesitancy, and urgency.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Urology
- Diagnostic Tools
- Lower Urinary Tract Dysfunction
Background:
- Symptom Scales (SS) are crucial for evaluating and monitoring various illnesses.
- The Lower Urinary Tract Dysfunction Symptom Scale (LUTDSS) specifically assesses pediatric Lower Urinary Tract Dysfunction (LUTD).
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify the most significant questions for diagnosing pediatric LUTD.
- To develop a simplified SS for pediatric LUTD diagnosis and follow-up.
Main Methods:
- A cohort of 631 children aged 5-15 years was studied from 2005-2015.
- Children with active UTIs were excluded; control (n=263) and LUTD (n=357) groups were established based on LUTDSS scores and further validated.
- LUTD diagnoses were confirmed using 3-day bladder diaries and Uroflow-EMG-PVR tests.
Main Results:
- Daytime incontinence (Q1), enuresis (Q3), hesitancy (Q8), and urgency (Q10) were significantly associated with LUTD.
- Children exhibiting these symptoms were 47.7 to 59.5 times more likely to have LUTD.
- A simplified scale using these four questions demonstrated an 86.4% area under the ROC curve.
Conclusions:
- A concise four-question scale (Q1, Q3, Q8, Q10) is effective for diagnosing pediatric LUTD.
- This simplified SS can be utilized for both diagnosis and monitoring of LUTD in children.
Introduction:
Symptom Scales (SS) are questionnaires for evaluating and following up of special illnesses. SS used for the diagnosis and follow-up of Lower Urinary Tract Dysfunction (LUTD) in children is called LUTD Symptom Scale (LUTDSS).
Aim:
Aim of the present study was to identify the questions which are more important for the diagnosis of LUTD in children and create a simpler SS.
Materials And Methods:
From January 2005 to March 2015, 631 children between the age 5 and 15 were enrolled in this study. Eleven children with active urinary tract infections were excluded from the study. Two hundred sixty three children from the nursery and secondary school saying that they have no urinary complaints and having LUTDSS <9 were designed as control group. Three hundred fifty seven children with LUTDSS score ≥9 were thought as having LUTD and diagnoses were verified with 3-day bladder diaries and 2-time Uroflow-EMG-PVR tests. The answered questions of LUTDSS in patient and control group were compared.
Results:
Children with daytime incontinence (first question of questionnaire) were 47.7 (4.8-510) times (p=0.01), children with enuresis (third question) were 59.53 (6.2-961) times (p=0.001), children with pause while urinating (eighth question) were 28.7 (4.4-2090) times (p=0.001), children with urgency (tenth question) were 54.7 (29.3-604) times (p=0.039) more likely to have LUTD than the children not having these complaints. The area under ROC curve created by using 1,3,8, and 10 questions was calculated 86.4%.
Conclusion:
The diagnosis and control of LUTD can be made by using only 1., 3., 8. and 10. questions, and these 4 questions could form simpler SS for LUTD in children.
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