Ultrastructural Analysis of Incinerated Teeth by Scanning Electron Microscope - A Short Study

Area of Science:

• Forensic science
• Dental histology
• Materials science

Background:

• Precise knowledge of heat-induced dental tissue changes is crucial for forensic investigations.
• Examining incinerated teeth aids in determining fire origin, cause, and victim identification.
• Understanding structural alterations in dental tissues exposed to heat is essential.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate physical and ultrastructural changes in human teeth subjected to controlled heating.
• To analyze heat-induced alterations using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) at various temperatures.
• To correlate observed dental tissue changes with specific temperature increments.

Main Methods:

• Sixty freshly extracted teeth from individuals aged 20-30 years were used.
• Teeth were divided into four groups: control (no heat) and three experimental groups heated to 100°C, 300°C, and 600°C for 15 minutes.
• Samples were examined using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) to observe ultrastructural changes.

Main Results:

• SEM analysis revealed distinct ultrastructural changes at 100°C, 300°C, and 600°C.
• Observed changes included enamel surface alterations (pebbles, granules, dots) and cementum surface patterns (soap bubble, honeycomb, snail track).
• Tooth structure exhibited cracks and charring, with patterns correlating to applied temperatures.

Conclusions:

• Consistent morphological and ultrastructural patterns emerge at different temperatures.
• SEM evaluation of incinerated dental remains offers valuable data for victim identification.
• This research provides additional investigative tools for forensic fire investigations.