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Trichome patterning control involves TTG1 interaction with SPL transcription factors.

Eugenia Ioannidi1, Stamatis Rigas2, Dikran Tsitsekian2

  • 1Group of Biotechnology of Pharmaceutical Plants, Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.

Plant Molecular Biology
|September 16, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Plant epidermal cell differentiation involves complex interactions. This study reveals that Cistus creticus TTG1 (CcTTG1) interacts with SQUAMOSA PROMOTER BINDING PROTEIN-LIKE (SPL) proteins, influencing trichome development and gene regulation.

Keywords:
ArabidopsisCistus creticusFlavonoidsRoot-hairsTTG1/GL2 pathwayTrichomes

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Area of Science:

  • Plant biology
  • Molecular genetics
  • Developmental biology

Background:

  • Epidermal cell differentiation is crucial in plants.
  • In Arabidopsis, trichome morphogenesis is regulated by a MYB-bHLH-TTG1 complex.
  • Multicellular glandular trichomes in Cistus creticus are medicinally important.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the interaction between C. creticus TTG1 (CcTTG1) and SQUAMOSA PROMOTER BINDING PROTEIN-LIKE (SPL) proteins.
  • To elucidate the role of TTG1-SPL interactions in trichome development.
  • To understand the regulatory mechanism of trichome distribution.

Main Methods:

  • Protein-protein interaction studies.
  • Gene expression analysis via overexpression experiments in Arabidopsis.
  • Analysis of gene expression patterns during leaf development.

Main Results:

  • CcTTG1 interacts with C. creticus SPL proteins (CcSPLs), homologs of Arabidopsis SPL4/5.
  • These interactions are conserved across evolutionarily distant species.
  • Overexpression of Arabidopsis SPL4/5 reduced GLABRA2 (AtGL2) expression, leading to fewer trichomes.
  • AtGL2 and AtSPL4 exhibit opposing expression patterns during early leaf development.

Conclusions:

  • TTG1-SPL complex formation is conserved and plays a role in trichome morphogenesis.
  • SPL proteins may antagonize MYB-bHLH factors by rearranging the TTG1 complex.
  • This interaction potentially regulates transcriptional activity to control trichome distribution.