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Second harmonic generation from an individual amorphous selenium nanosphere.

C R Ma1, J H Yan, Y M Wei

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Nanotechnology Research Center, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.

Nanotechnology
|September 16, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Researchers demonstrated tunable second harmonic generation (SHG) from amorphous selenium (a-Se) nanospheres. This nonlinear optics effect shows potential for applications in both optical frequency conversion and biomedicine due to a-Se

Area of Science:

  • Nonlinear Optics
  • Materials Science
  • Nanotechnology
  • Biomedical Optics

Background:

  • Second harmonic generation (SHG) is a key nonlinear optics phenomenon for optical frequency conversion and imaging.
  • SHG is typically forbidden in centrosymmetric materials under electric-dipole approximation.
  • Amorphous selenium (a-Se) is an essential trace element with unique biological compatibility and optical properties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate and investigate SHG from single amorphous selenium (a-Se) nanospheres.
  • To explore the tunability of SHG spectra with nanosphere size and understand the underlying physical mechanisms.
  • To assess the potential of a-Se nanospheres for nonlinear optics and biomedical applications.

Main Methods:

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  • Excitation of single a-Se nanospheres using near-infrared femtosecond laser pulses.
  • Analysis of generated second harmonic (SH) spectra as a function of nanosphere size and aggregation.
  • Theoretical investigation of electric-dipole and quadrupole contributions to SHG.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated tunable SHG from individual a-Se nanospheres (diameter > 300 nm) with an efficiency of approximately 10⁻⁸.
  • Identified surface structural discontinuity as a source of electric-dipole contribution and electric field gradient for quadrupole contributions.
  • Observed enhanced SHG resonance near the fundamental wavelength, enabling detection from single large nanospheres or dimerized smaller nanospheres.

Conclusions:

  • Amorphous selenium nanospheres exhibit significant nonlinear optical properties, enabling SHG.
  • The SHG mechanism involves both electric-dipole and quadrupole contributions, influenced by surface discontinuity and resonance effects.
  • a-Se nanospheres show promise for advanced applications in nonlinear optics and biomedicine due to their optical nonlinearity and biocompatibility.