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Sustained Military Operations and Cognitive Performance.

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Sustained military operations (SUSOPS) impair vigilance, reaction time, and working memory within hours, requiring minimal recovery. Reasoning is also affected, but needs longer recovery than typically available during SUSOPS.

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Area of Science:

  • Military science
  • Cognitive psychology
  • Human performance

Background:

  • Cognitive performance is vital for military operations, with impairment contributing to accidents.
  • Assessing soldiers' operational readiness requires understanding performance decrements.
  • Sustained military operations (SUSOPS) pose a significant challenge to cognitive function.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review the effects of SUSOPS on key cognitive functions.
  • To identify reliable indicators of cognitive performance impairment in soldiers.
  • To inform strategies for maintaining operational readiness during prolonged deployments.

Main Methods:

  • A systematic literature search was conducted across major scientific databases.
  • Studies were screened up to July 2015 using keywords related to military operations and cognitive performance.
  • Inclusion criteria focused on studies investigating cognitive effects of sustained operations.

Main Results:

  • Vigilance, reaction time, and working memory showed severe impairment within hours of SUSOPS, linearly related to stress up to 80 hours.
  • These functions recovered quickly after the operational period.
  • Reasoning impairment occurred after high stress and persisted beyond 80 hours of SUSOPS, requiring longer recovery.

Conclusions:

  • Vigilance, reaction time, and working memory are sensitive to short-term SUSOPS but recover rapidly.
  • Reasoning impairment is more persistent, with recovery times exceeding typical SUSOPS durations.
  • Identifying cognitive indicators is crucial for managing soldier performance and safety.