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Technique for Performing Lumbar Puncture in Microgravity Using Portable Radiography.

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  • 1Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St Louis, MO, USA.

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Portable radiography offers a viable method for assisting lumbar punctures in microgravity, addressing challenges posed by spaceflight-induced intracranial pressure changes. This technique successfully guided procedures in phantom and cadaver models, proving its potential for astronaut health.

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Area of Science:

  • Space Medicine
  • Medical Imaging
  • Neurosurgery

Background:

  • Space missions can cause Visual Impairment and Intracranial Pressure Syndrome (VIIP).
  • Current methods for measuring intracranial pressure (ICP) in space are indirect, like ultrasound.
  • NASA has considered lumbar puncture (LP) in microgravity, exploring blind and ultrasound-assisted techniques.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the feasibility of using portable radiography to assist lumbar puncture (LP) in microgravity.
  • To demonstrate a proof-of-concept for image-guided LP in a simulated space environment.

Main Methods:

  • An adult lumbar spine phantom with a fluid-filled spinal canal was utilized.
  • A portable direct-digital radiography system was employed for image guidance.
  • The technique was validated on a human cadaver for proof of concept.

Main Results:

  • Technical success was achieved in all attempts on the first try, with no needle redirection required.
  • No significant difference in difficulty was observed between the phantom and cadaver models.
  • Needle location was visually confirmed effectively in both models.

Conclusions:

  • Portable radiography shows potential for guiding lumbar punctures in microgravity, minimizing equipment volume and mass.
  • This imaging technique could be crucial for performing LPs in space, similar to its use for difficult LPs on Earth.
  • The study provides a proof of concept for a novel approach to managing spaceflight-related intracranial pressure issues.