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Dynamics of a Mobile Impurity in a One-Dimensional Bose Liquid
Aleksandra Petković1, Zoran Ristivojevic1
1Laboratoire de Physique Théorique, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, 31062 Toulouse, France.
Physical Review Letters
|September 17, 2016
Summary
A quantum impurity moving in a 1D Bose liquid experiences friction from quasiparticles. This friction force depends on temperature, scaling as T^4 or T^8 at low temperatures and linearly at high temperatures.
Area of Science:
- Condensed Matter Physics
- Quantum Mechanics
- Statistical Mechanics
Background:
- Quantum impurities in Bose liquids are crucial for understanding quantum transport.
- Thermal excitations (quasiparticles) in Bose liquids can interact with impurities, leading to dissipation.
- Previous studies often focused on specific temperature regimes or simplified models.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop a microscopic theory for quantum impurity friction in a 1D Bose liquid.
- To investigate the temperature dependence of the friction force across different regimes.
- To analyze the role of system parameters and integrability on impurity dynamics.
Main Methods:
- Microscopic theoretical approach based on scattering theory.
- Analysis of impurity interactions with thermally excited quasiparticles.
- Derivation of friction force scaling laws at low and high temperatures.
Main Results:
- Friction force scales as T^4 or T^8 at low temperatures, dependent on system parameters.
- Linear temperature dependence of friction force observed at temperatures above the Bose liquid's chemical potential.
- Identified a crossover region and derived the friction force within it.
- Demonstrated absence of friction in the integrable Yang-Gaudin model due to impurity transparency.
Conclusions:
- The study provides a comprehensive understanding of quantum impurity friction in 1D Bose liquids.
- The derived temperature scaling laws offer predictive power for experimental systems.
- The findings pave the way for studying other kinetic phenomena involving quantum impurities.
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